Dep/fmt: Update fmt to fmtlib/fmt@5f39721c0a4

* Rename cppformat to fmt in the PackageList.txt

(cherry picked from commit 5077c8289cd52108bf9aeb8fb6ab2742ae3e0b95)

21 files changed, 1715 insertions, 2061 deletions

diff --git a/dep/PackageList.txt b/dep/PackageList.txt
index 7c9f23165b1..cea68250f7b 100644
--- a/dep/PackageList.txt
+++ b/dep/PackageList.txt
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ bzip2 (a freely available, patent free, high-quality data compressor)
   http://www.bzip.org/
   Version: 1.0.6
 
-cppformat (type safe format library)
-  https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat
-  Version: 3.0.1 7fa8f8fa48b0903deab5bb42e6760477173ac485
-
 efws (Entropia File System Watcher - crossplatform file system watcher)
   https://bitbucket.org/SpartanJ/efsw
   Version: 1.0.0 9a7cbec70b8a88b2e876a382f57c59f3796da0d9
 
+fmt (a small, safe and fast formatting library)
+  https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt
+  Version: 4.0.0 5f39721c0a41be404a23c3893cdea89e598c9531
+
 G3D (a commercial-grade C++ 3D engine available as Open Source (BSD License)
   http://g3d.sourceforge.net/
   Version: 9.0-Release r4036
diff --git a/dep/fmt/CMakeLists.txt b/dep/fmt/CMakeLists.txt
index 392dd2fa911..2961a0fc139 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/dep/fmt/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -16,10 +16,14 @@ else ()
 endif ()
 
 set(FMT_SOURCES
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/container.h
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/format.h
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/format.cc
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/ostream.h
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/ostream.cc
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/printf.h
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/printf.cc
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/string.h
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fmt/time.h)
 
 if (HAVE_OPEN)
@@ -34,7 +38,15 @@ target_include_directories(fmt
   PUBLIC
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
 
+target_compile_definitions(fmt
+  PUBLIC
+    -DFMT_USE_OVERRIDE
+    -DFMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES
+    -DFMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+    -DFMT_USE_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+    -DFMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES)
+
 set_target_properties(fmt
-    PROPERTIES
-      FOLDER
-        "dep")
+  PROPERTIES
+    FOLDER
+      "dep")
diff --git a/dep/fmt/CONTRIBUTING.rst b/dep/fmt/CONTRIBUTING.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..506811d4a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dep/fmt/CONTRIBUTING.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Contributing to fmt
+===================
+
+All C++ code must adhere to `Google C++ Style Guide
+<https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html>`_ with the following
+exceptions:
+
+* Exceptions are permitted
+* snake_case should be used instead of UpperCamelCase for function names
+
+Thanks for contributing!
diff --git a/dep/fmt/ChangeLog.rst b/dep/fmt/ChangeLog.rst
index f4df68b6a12..1633bac7121 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/ChangeLog.rst
+++ b/dep/fmt/ChangeLog.rst
@@ -1,3 +1,102 @@
+4.0.1 - TBD
+-----------
+
+4.0.0 - 2017-06-27
+------------------
+
+* Removed old compatibility headers ``cppformat/*.h`` and CMake options (`#527 <https://github.com/pull/527>`_). Thanks `@maddinat0r (Alex Martin) <https://github.com/maddinat0r>`_.
+
+* Added ``string.h`` containing ``fmt::to_string()`` as alternative to ``std::to_string()`` as well as other string writer functionality (`#326 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/326>`_ and `#441 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/441>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    #include "fmt/string.h"
+  
+    std::string answer = fmt::to_string(42);
+
+  Thanks to `@glebov-andrey (Andrey Glebov) <https://github.com/glebov-andrey>`_.
+
+* Moved ``fmt::printf()`` to new ``printf.h`` header and allowed ``%s`` as generic specifier (`#453 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/453>`_), made ``%.f`` more conformant to regular ``printf()`` (`#490 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/490>`_), added custom writer support (`#476 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/476>`_) and implemented missing custom argument formatting (`#339 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/339>`_ and `#340 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/340>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    #include "fmt/printf.h"
+ 
+    // %s format specifier can be used with any argument type.
+    fmt::printf("%s", 42);
+
+  Thanks `@mojoBrendan <https://github.com/mojoBrendan>`_, `@manylegged (Arthur Danskin) <https://github.com/manylegged>`_ and `@spacemoose (Glen Stark) <https://github.com/spacemoose>`_. See also `#360 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/360>`_, `#335 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/335>`_ and `#331 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/331>`_.
+
+* Added ``container.h`` containing a ``BasicContainerWriter`` to write to containers like ``std::vector`` (`#450 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/450>`_). Thanks `@polyvertex (Jean-Charles Lefebvre) <https://github.com/polyvertex>`_.
+
+* Added ``fmt::join()`` function that takes a range and formats its elements separated by a given string (`#466 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/466>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    #include "fmt/format.h"
+ 
+    std::vector<double> v = {1.2, 3.4, 5.6};
+    // Prints "(+01.20, +03.40, +05.60)".
+    fmt::print("({:+06.2f})", fmt::join(v.begin(), v.end(), ", "));
+
+  Thanks `@olivier80 <https://github.com/olivier80>`_.
+
+* Added support for custom formatting specifications to simplify customization of built-in formatting (`#444 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/444>`_). Thanks `@polyvertex (Jean-Charles Lefebvre) <https://github.com/polyvertex>`_. See also `#439 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/439>`_.
+
+* Added ``fmt::format_system_error()`` for error code formatting (`#323 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/323>`_ and `#526 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/526>`_). Thanks `@maddinat0r (Alex Martin) <https://github.com/maddinat0r>`_.
+
+* Added thread-safe ``fmt::localtime()`` and ``fmt::gmtime()`` as replacement for the standard version to ``time.h`` (`#396 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/396>`_). Thanks `@codicodi <https://github.com/codicodi>`_.
+
+* Internal improvements to ``NamedArg`` and ``ArgLists`` (`#389 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/389>`_ and `#390 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/390>`_). Thanks `@chronoxor <https://github.com/chronoxor>`_.
+
+* Fixed crash due to bug in ``FormatBuf`` (`#493 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/493>`_). Thanks `@effzeh <https://github.com/effzeh>`_. See also `#480 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/480>`_ and `#491 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/491>`_.
+
+* Fixed handling of wide strings in ``fmt::StringWriter``.
+
+* Improved compiler error messages (`#357 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/357>`_).
+
+* Fixed various warnings and issues with various compilers (`#494 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/494>`_, `#499 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/499>`_, `#483 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/483>`_, `#519 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/519>`_, `#485 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/485>`_, `#482 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/482>`_, `#475 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/475>`_, `#473 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/473>`_ and `#414 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/414>`_). Thanks `@chronoxor <https://github.com/chronoxor>`_, `@zhaohuaxishi <https://github.com/zhaohuaxishi>`_, `@pkestene (Pierre Kestener) <https://github.com/pkestene>`_, `@dschmidt (Dominik Schmidt) <https://github.com/dschmidt>`_ and `@0x414c (Alexey Gorishny) <https://github.com/0x414c>`_ .
+
+* Improved CMake: targets are now namespaced (`#511 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/511>`_ and `#513 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/513>`_), supported header-only ``printf.h`` (`#354 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/354>`_), fixed issue with minimal supported library subset (`#418 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/418>`_, `#419 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/419>`_ and `#420 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/420>`_). Thanks `@bjoernthiel (Bjoern Thiel) <https://github.com/bjoernthiel>`_,
+  `@niosHD (Mario Werner) <https://github.com/niosHD>`_, `@LogicalKnight (Sean LK) <https://github.com/LogicalKnight>`_ and `@alabuzhev (Alex Alabuzhev) <https://github.com/alabuzhev>`_.
+
+* Improved documentation. Thanks to `@pwm1234 (Phil) <https://github.com/pwm1234>`_ for `#393 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/393>`_.
+
+3.0.2 - 2017-06-14
+------------------
+
+* Added ``FMT_VERSION`` macro (`#411 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/411>`_).
+
+* Used ``FMT_NULL`` instead of literal ``0`` (`#409 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/409>`_). Thanks `@alabuzhev (Alex Alabuzhev) <https://github.com/alabuzhev>`_.
+
+* Added extern templates for ``format_float`` (`#413 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/413>`_).
+
+* Fixed implicit conversion issue (`#507 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/507>`_).
+
+* Fixed signbit detection (`#423 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/423>`_).
+
+* Fixed naming collision (`#425 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/425>`_).
+
+* Fixed missing intrinsic for C++/CLI (`#457 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/457>`_). Thanks `@calumr (Calum Robinson) <https://github.com/calumr>`_
+
+* Fixed Android detection (`#458 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/458>`_). Thanks `@Gachapen (Magnus Bjerke Vik) <https://github.com/Gachapen>`_.
+
+* Use lean ``windows.h`` if not in header-only mode (`#503 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/503>`_). Thanks `@Quentin01 (Quentin Buathier) <https://github.com/Quentin01>`_.
+
+* Fixed issue with CMake exporting C++11 flag (`#445 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/455>`_). Thanks `@EricWF (Eric) <https://github.com/EricWF>`_.
+
+* Fixed issue with nvcc and MSVC compiler bug and MinGW (`#505 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/505>`_).
+
+* Fixed DLL issues (`#469 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/469>`_ and `#502 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/502>`_). Thanks `@richardeakin (Richard Eakin) <https://github.com/richardeakin>`_ and `@AndreasSchoenle (Andreas Schönle) <https://github.com/AndreasSchoenle>`_.
+
+* Fixed test compilation under FreeBSD (`#433 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/433>`_).
+
+* Fixed various warnings (`#403 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/403>`_, `#410 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/410>`_ and `#510 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/510>`_). Thanks `@Lecetem <https://github.com/Lectem>`_, `@chenhayat (Chen Hayat) <https://github.com/chenhayat>`_ and `@trozen <https://github.com/trozen>`_.
+
+* Removed redundant include (`#479 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/479>`_).
+
+* Fixed documentation issues.
+
 3.0.1 - 2016-11-01
 ------------------
 * Fixed handling of thousands seperator (`#353 <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/353>`_)
diff --git a/dep/fmt/README.rst b/dep/fmt/README.rst
index 846d0eb0979..32f50257eb8 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/README.rst
+++ b/dep/fmt/README.rst
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Features
   and better than the performance of IOStreams. See `Speed tests`_ and
   `Fast integer to string conversion in C++
   <http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_.
-* Small code size both in terms of source code (format consists of a single
+* Small code size both in terms of source code (the core library consists of a single
   header file and a single source file) and compiled code.
   See `Compile time and code bloat`_.
 * Reliability: the library has an extensive set of `unit tests
@@ -138,6 +138,12 @@ Projects using this library
 
 * `CUAUV <http://cuauv.org/>`_: Cornell University's autonomous underwater vehicle
 
+* `Drake <http://drake.mit.edu/>`_: A planning, control, and analysis toolbox for nonlinear dynamical systems (MIT)
+
+* `Envoy <https://lyft.github.io/envoy/>`_: C++ L7 proxy and communication bus (Lyft)
+
+* `FiveM <https://fivem.net/>`_: a modification framework for GTA V
+
 * `HarpyWar/pvpgn <https://github.com/pvpgn/pvpgn-server>`_:
   Player vs Player Gaming Network with tweaks
 
@@ -145,10 +151,14 @@ Projects using this library
 
 * `Keypirinha <http://keypirinha.com/>`_: A semantic launcher for Windows
 
+* `Kodi <https://kodi.tv/>`_ (formerly xbmc): Home theater software
+
 * `Lifeline <https://github.com/peter-clark/lifeline>`_: A 2D game
 
 * `MongoDB Smasher <https://github.com/duckie/mongo_smasher>`_: A small tool to generate randomized datasets
 
+* `OpenSpace <http://openspaceproject.com/>`_: An open-source astrovisualization framework
+
 * `PenUltima Online (POL) <http://www.polserver.com/>`_:
   An MMO server, compatible with most Ultima Online clients
 
@@ -402,6 +412,11 @@ It only applies if you distribute the documentation of fmt.
 Acknowledgments
 ---------------
 
+The fmt library is maintained by Victor Zverovich (`vitaut <https://github.com/vitaut>`_)
+and Jonathan Müller (`foonathan <https://github.com/foonathan>`_) with contributions from many
+other people. See `Contributors <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/graphs/contributors>`_ and `Releases <https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases>`_ for some of the names. Let us know if your contribution
+is not listed or mentioned incorrectly and we'll make it right.
+
 The benchmark section of this readme file and the performance tests are taken
 from the excellent `tinyformat <https://github.com/c42f/tinyformat>`_ library
 written by Chris Foster.  Boost Format library is acknowledged transitively
diff --git a/dep/fmt/cppformat/format.cc b/dep/fmt/cppformat/format.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index daccd68f1da..00000000000
--- a/dep/fmt/cppformat/format.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,971 +0,0 @@
-/*
- Formatting library for C++
-
- Copyright (c) 2012 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
- All rights reserved.
-
- Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-
- 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
-    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-
- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
- ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
- WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
- DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
- ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
- (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
- LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
- ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
- SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include "format.h"
-
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include <cctype>
-#include <cerrno>
-#include <climits>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstdarg>
-#include <cstddef>  // for std::ptrdiff_t
-
-#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__)
-# include <cstring>
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
-# if defined(NOMINMAX) || defined(FMT_WIN_MINMAX)
-#  include <windows.h>
-# else
-#  define NOMINMAX
-#  include <windows.h>
-#  undef NOMINMAX
-# endif
-#endif
-
-using fmt::internal::Arg;
-
-#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
-# define FMT_TRY try
-# define FMT_CATCH(x) catch (x)
-#else
-# define FMT_TRY if (true)
-# define FMT_CATCH(x) if (false)
-#endif
-
-#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-# define FMT_FUNC inline
-#else
-# define FMT_FUNC
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)
-# pragma warning(disable: 4127)  // conditional expression is constant
-# pragma warning(disable: 4702)  // unreachable code
-// Disable deprecation warning for strerror. The latter is not called but
-// MSVC fails to detect it.
-# pragma warning(disable: 4996)
-#endif
-
-// Dummy implementations of strerror_r and strerror_s called if corresponding
-// system functions are not available.
-static inline fmt::internal::Null<> strerror_r(int, char *, ...) {
-  return fmt::internal::Null<>();
-}
-static inline fmt::internal::Null<> strerror_s(char *, std::size_t, ...) {
-  return fmt::internal::Null<>();
-}
-
-namespace fmt {
-namespace {
-
-#ifndef _MSC_VER
-# define FMT_SNPRINTF snprintf
-#else  // _MSC_VER
-inline int fmt_snprintf(char *buffer, size_t size, const char *format, ...) {
-  va_list args;
-  va_start(args, format);
-  int result = vsnprintf_s(buffer, size, _TRUNCATE, format, args);
-  va_end(args);
-  return result;
-}
-# define FMT_SNPRINTF fmt_snprintf
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
-
-#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
-# define FMT_SWPRINTF snwprintf
-#else
-# define FMT_SWPRINTF swprintf
-#endif // defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
-
-// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
-// signed and unsigned integers.
-template <bool IsSigned>
-struct IntChecker {
-  template <typename T>
-  static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
-    unsigned max = INT_MAX;
-    return value <= max;
-  }
-  static bool fits_in_int(bool) { return true; }
-};
-
-template <>
-struct IntChecker<true> {
-  template <typename T>
-  static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
-    return value >= INT_MIN && value <= INT_MAX;
-  }
-  static bool fits_in_int(int) { return true; }
-};
-
-const char RESET_COLOR[] = "\x1b[0m";
-
-typedef void (*FormatFunc)(fmt::Writer &, int, fmt::StringRef);
-
-// Portable thread-safe version of strerror.
-// Sets buffer to point to a string describing the error code.
-// This can be either a pointer to a string stored in buffer,
-// or a pointer to some static immutable string.
-// Returns one of the following values:
-//   0      - success
-//   ERANGE - buffer is not large enough to store the error message
-//   other  - failure
-// Buffer should be at least of size 1.
-int safe_strerror(
-    int error_code, char *&buffer, std::size_t buffer_size) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  FMT_ASSERT(buffer != 0 && buffer_size != 0, "invalid buffer");
-
-  class StrError {
-   private:
-    int error_code_;
-    char *&buffer_;
-    std::size_t buffer_size_;
-
-    // A noop assignment operator to avoid bogus warnings.
-    void operator=(const StrError &) {}
-
-    // Handle the result of XSI-compliant version of strerror_r.
-    int handle(int result) {
-      // glibc versions before 2.13 return result in errno.
-      return result == -1 ? errno : result;
-    }
-
-    // Handle the result of GNU-specific version of strerror_r.
-    int handle(char *message) {
-      // If the buffer is full then the message is probably truncated.
-      if (message == buffer_ && strlen(buffer_) == buffer_size_ - 1)
-        return ERANGE;
-      buffer_ = message;
-      return 0;
-    }
-
-    // Handle the case when strerror_r is not available.
-    int handle(fmt::internal::Null<>) {
-      return fallback(strerror_s(buffer_, buffer_size_, error_code_));
-    }
-
-    // Fallback to strerror_s when strerror_r is not available.
-    int fallback(int result) {
-      // If the buffer is full then the message is probably truncated.
-      return result == 0 && strlen(buffer_) == buffer_size_ - 1 ?
-            ERANGE : result;
-    }
-
-    // Fallback to strerror if strerror_r and strerror_s are not available.
-    int fallback(fmt::internal::Null<>) {
-      errno = 0;
-      buffer_ = strerror(error_code_);
-      return errno;
-    }
-
-   public:
-    StrError(int err_code, char *&buf, std::size_t buf_size)
-      : error_code_(err_code), buffer_(buf), buffer_size_(buf_size) {}
-
-    int run() {
-      strerror_r(0, 0, "");  // Suppress a warning about unused strerror_r.
-      return handle(strerror_r(error_code_, buffer_, buffer_size_));
-    }
-  };
-  return StrError(error_code, buffer, buffer_size).run();
-}
-
-void format_error_code(fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
-                       fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  // Report error code making sure that the output fits into
-  // INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE to avoid dynamic memory allocation and potential
-  // bad_alloc.
-  out.clear();
-  static const char SEP[] = ": ";
-  static const char ERROR_STR[] = "error ";
-  // Subtract 2 to account for terminating null characters in SEP and ERROR_STR.
-  std::size_t error_code_size = sizeof(SEP) + sizeof(ERROR_STR) - 2;
-  typedef fmt::internal::IntTraits<int>::MainType MainType;
-  MainType abs_value = static_cast<MainType>(error_code);
-  if (internal::is_negative(error_code)) {
-    abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
-    ++error_code_size;
-  }
-  error_code_size += fmt::internal::count_digits(abs_value);
-  if (message.size() <= fmt::internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE - error_code_size)
-    out << message << SEP;
-  out << ERROR_STR << error_code;
-  assert(out.size() <= fmt::internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
-}
-
-void report_error(FormatFunc func,
-    int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  fmt::MemoryWriter full_message;
-  func(full_message, error_code, message);
-  // Use Writer::data instead of Writer::c_str to avoid potential memory
-  // allocation.
-  std::fwrite(full_message.data(), full_message.size(), 1, stderr);
-  std::fputc('\n', stderr);
-}
-
-// IsZeroInt::visit(arg) returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
-class IsZeroInt : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<IsZeroInt, bool> {
- public:
-  template <typename T>
-  bool visit_any_int(T value) { return value == 0; }
-};
-
-// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
-// left alignment if it is negative.
-class WidthHandler : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<WidthHandler, unsigned> {
- private:
-  fmt::FormatSpec &spec_;
-
-  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(WidthHandler);
-
- public:
-  explicit WidthHandler(fmt::FormatSpec &spec) : spec_(spec) {}
-
-  void report_unhandled_arg() {
-    FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("width is not integer"));
-  }
-
-  template <typename T>
-  unsigned visit_any_int(T value) {
-    typedef typename fmt::internal::IntTraits<T>::MainType UnsignedType;
-    UnsignedType width = static_cast<UnsignedType>(value);
-    if (fmt::internal::is_negative(value)) {
-      spec_.align_ = fmt::ALIGN_LEFT;
-      width = 0 - width;
-    }
-    if (width > INT_MAX)
-      FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("number is too big"));
-    return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
-  }
-};
-
-class PrecisionHandler :
-    public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<PrecisionHandler, int> {
- public:
-  void report_unhandled_arg() {
-    FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("precision is not integer"));
-  }
-
-  template <typename T>
-  int visit_any_int(T value) {
-    if (!IntChecker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
-      FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("number is too big"));
-    return static_cast<int>(value);
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename U>
-struct is_same {
-  enum { value = 0 };
-};
-
-template <typename T>
-struct is_same<T, T> {
-  enum { value = 1 };
-};
-
-// An argument visitor that converts an integer argument to T for printf,
-// if T is an integral type. If T is void, the argument is converted to
-// corresponding signed or unsigned type depending on the type specifier:
-// 'd' and 'i' - signed, other - unsigned)
-template <typename T = void>
-class ArgConverter : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<ArgConverter<T>, void> {
- private:
-  fmt::internal::Arg &arg_;
-  wchar_t type_;
-
-  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArgConverter);
-
- public:
-  ArgConverter(fmt::internal::Arg &arg, wchar_t type)
-    : arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
-
-  void visit_bool(bool value) {
-    if (type_ != 's')
-      visit_any_int(value);
-  }
-
-  template <typename U>
-  void visit_any_int(U value) {
-    bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
-    using fmt::internal::Arg;
-    typedef typename fmt::internal::Conditional<
-        is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>::type TargetType;
-    if (sizeof(TargetType) <= sizeof(int)) {
-      // Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
-      if (is_signed) {
-        arg_.type = Arg::INT;
-        arg_.int_value = static_cast<int>(static_cast<TargetType>(value));
-      } else {
-        arg_.type = Arg::UINT;
-        typedef typename fmt::internal::MakeUnsigned<TargetType>::Type Unsigned;
-        arg_.uint_value = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<Unsigned>(value));
-      }
-    } else {
-      if (is_signed) {
-        arg_.type = Arg::LONG_LONG;
-        // glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
-        //   std::printf("%lld", -42);  // prints "4294967254"
-        // but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
-        arg_.long_long_value = static_cast<fmt::LongLong>(value);
-      } else {
-        arg_.type = Arg::ULONG_LONG;
-        arg_.ulong_long_value =
-            static_cast<typename fmt::internal::MakeUnsigned<U>::Type>(value);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
-class CharConverter : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<CharConverter, void> {
- private:
-  fmt::internal::Arg &arg_;
-
-  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CharConverter);
-
- public:
-  explicit CharConverter(fmt::internal::Arg &arg) : arg_(arg) {}
-
-  template <typename T>
-  void visit_any_int(T value) {
-    arg_.type = Arg::CHAR;
-    arg_.int_value = static_cast<char>(value);
-  }
-};
-
-// Write the content of w to os.
-void write(std::ostream &os, fmt::Writer &w) {
-  const char *data = w.data();
-  typedef internal::MakeUnsigned<std::streamsize>::Type UnsignedStreamSize;
-  UnsignedStreamSize size = w.size();
-  UnsignedStreamSize max_size =
-      internal::to_unsigned((std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max)());
-  do {
-    UnsignedStreamSize n = size <= max_size ? size : max_size;
-    os.write(data, static_cast<std::streamsize>(n));
-    data += n;
-    size -= n;
-  } while (size != 0);
-}
-}  // namespace
-
-namespace internal {
-
-template <typename Char>
-class PrintfArgFormatter :
-    public ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char> {
-
-  void write_null_pointer() {
-    this->spec().type_ = 0;
-    this->write("(nil)");
-  }
-
-  typedef ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char> Base;
-
- public:
-  PrintfArgFormatter(BasicWriter<Char> &w, FormatSpec &s)
-  : ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char>(w, s) {}
-
-  void visit_bool(bool value) {
-    FormatSpec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
-    if (fmt_spec.type_ != 's')
-      return this->visit_any_int(value);
-    fmt_spec.type_ = 0;
-    this->write(value);
-  }
-
-  void visit_char(int value) {
-    const FormatSpec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
-    BasicWriter<Char> &w = this->writer();
-    if (fmt_spec.type_ && fmt_spec.type_ != 'c')
-      w.write_int(value, fmt_spec);
-    typedef typename BasicWriter<Char>::CharPtr CharPtr;
-    CharPtr out = CharPtr();
-    if (fmt_spec.width_ > 1) {
-      Char fill = ' ';
-      out = w.grow_buffer(fmt_spec.width_);
-      if (fmt_spec.align_ != ALIGN_LEFT) {
-        std::fill_n(out, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
-        out += fmt_spec.width_ - 1;
-      } else {
-        std::fill_n(out + 1, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
-      }
-    } else {
-      out = w.grow_buffer(1);
-    }
-    *out = static_cast<Char>(value);
-  }
-
-  void visit_cstring(const char *value) {
-    if (value)
-      Base::visit_cstring(value);
-    else if (this->spec().type_ == 'p')
-      write_null_pointer();
-    else
-      this->write("(null)");
-  }
-
-  void visit_pointer(const void *value) {
-    if (value)
-      return Base::visit_pointer(value);
-    this->spec().type_ = 0;
-    write_null_pointer();
-  }
-
-  void visit_custom(Arg::CustomValue c) {
-    BasicFormatter<Char> formatter(ArgList(), this->writer());
-    const Char format_str[] = {'}', 0};
-    const Char *format = format_str;
-    c.format(&formatter, c.value, &format);
-  }
-};
-}  // namespace internal
-}  // namespace fmt
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::SystemError::init(
-    int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
-  error_code_ = err_code;
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  internal::format_system_error(w, err_code, format(format_str, args));
-  std::runtime_error &base = *this;
-  base = std::runtime_error(w.str());
-}
-
-template <typename T>
-int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
-    char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
-    unsigned width, int precision, T value) {
-  if (width == 0) {
-    return precision < 0 ?
-        FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, value) :
-        FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, precision, value);
-  }
-  return precision < 0 ?
-      FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, value) :
-      FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, precision, value);
-}
-
-template <typename T>
-int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
-    wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
-    unsigned width, int precision, T value) {
-  if (width == 0) {
-    return precision < 0 ?
-        FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, value) :
-        FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, precision, value);
-  }
-  return precision < 0 ?
-      FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, value) :
-      FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, precision, value);
-}
-
-template <typename T>
-const char fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::DIGITS[] =
-    "0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
-    "2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
-    "4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
-    "6061626364656667686970717273747576777879"
-    "8081828384858687888990919293949596979899";
-
-#define FMT_POWERS_OF_10(factor) \
-  factor * 10, \
-  factor * 100, \
-  factor * 1000, \
-  factor * 10000, \
-  factor * 100000, \
-  factor * 1000000, \
-  factor * 10000000, \
-  factor * 100000000, \
-  factor * 1000000000
-
-template <typename T>
-const uint32_t fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_32[] = {
-  0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1)
-};
-
-template <typename T>
-const uint64_t fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_64[] = {
-  0,
-  FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1),
-  FMT_POWERS_OF_10(fmt::ULongLong(1000000000)),
-  // Multiply several constants instead of using a single long long constant
-  // to avoid warnings about C++98 not supporting long long.
-  fmt::ULongLong(1000000000) * fmt::ULongLong(1000000000) * 10
-};
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::report_unknown_type(char code, const char *type) {
-  (void)type;
-  if (std::isprint(static_cast<unsigned char>(code))) {
-    FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError(
-        fmt::format("unknown format code '{}' for {}", code, type)));
-  }
-  FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError(
-      fmt::format("unknown format code '\\x{:02x}' for {}",
-        static_cast<unsigned>(code), type)));
-}
-
-#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
-
-FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF8ToUTF16::UTF8ToUTF16(fmt::StringRef s) {
-  static const char ERROR_MSG[] = "cannot convert string from UTF-8 to UTF-16";
-  if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
-    FMT_THROW(WindowsError(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER, ERROR_MSG));
-  int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
-  int length = MultiByteToWideChar(
-      CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, 0, 0);
-  if (length == 0)
-    FMT_THROW(WindowsError(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
-  buffer_.resize(length + 1);
-  length = MultiByteToWideChar(
-    CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length);
-  if (length == 0)
-    FMT_THROW(WindowsError(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
-  buffer_[length] = 0;
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF16ToUTF8::UTF16ToUTF8(fmt::WStringRef s) {
-  if (int error_code = convert(s)) {
-    FMT_THROW(WindowsError(error_code,
-        "cannot convert string from UTF-16 to UTF-8"));
-  }
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC int fmt::internal::UTF16ToUTF8::convert(fmt::WStringRef s) {
-  if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
-    return ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
-  int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
-  int length = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-  if (length == 0)
-    return GetLastError();
-  buffer_.resize(length + 1);
-  length = WideCharToMultiByte(
-    CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length, 0, 0);
-  if (length == 0)
-    return GetLastError();
-  buffer_[length] = 0;
-  return 0;
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::WindowsError::init(
-    int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
-  error_code_ = err_code;
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  internal::format_windows_error(w, err_code, format(format_str, args));
-  std::runtime_error &base = *this;
-  base = std::runtime_error(w.str());
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_windows_error(
-    fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
-    fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  FMT_TRY {
-    MemoryBuffer<wchar_t, INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
-    buffer.resize(INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
-    for (;;) {
-      wchar_t *system_message = &buffer[0];
-      int result = FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
-                                  0, error_code, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
-                                  system_message, static_cast<uint32_t>(buffer.size()), 0);
-      if (result != 0) {
-        UTF16ToUTF8 utf8_message;
-        if (utf8_message.convert(system_message) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
-          out << message << ": " << utf8_message;
-          return;
-        }
-        break;
-      }
-      if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER)
-        break;  // Can't get error message, report error code instead.
-      buffer.resize(buffer.size() * 2);
-    }
-  } FMT_CATCH(...) {}
-  fmt::format_error_code(out, error_code, message);  // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
-}
-
-#endif  // FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_system_error(
-    fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
-    fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  FMT_TRY {
-    MemoryBuffer<char, INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
-    buffer.resize(INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
-    for (;;) {
-      char *system_message = &buffer[0];
-      int result = safe_strerror(error_code, system_message, buffer.size());
-      if (result == 0) {
-        out << message << ": " << system_message;
-        return;
-      }
-      if (result != ERANGE)
-        break;  // Can't get error message, report error code instead.
-      buffer.resize(buffer.size() * 2);
-    }
-  } FMT_CATCH(...) {}
-  fmt::format_error_code(out, error_code, message);  // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::ArgMap<Char>::init(const ArgList &args) {
-  if (!map_.empty())
-    return;
-  typedef internal::NamedArg<Char> NamedArg;
-  const NamedArg *named_arg = 0;
-  bool use_values =
-      args.type(ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS - 1) == internal::Arg::NONE;
-  if (use_values) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
-      internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
-      switch (arg_type) {
-      case internal::Arg::NONE:
-        return;
-      case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
-        named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.values_[i].pointer);
-        map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
-        break;
-      default:
-        /*nothing*/;
-      }
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  for (unsigned i = 0; i != ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS; ++i) {
-    internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
-    if (arg_type == internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG) {
-      named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
-      map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
-    }
-  }
-  for (unsigned i = ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
-    switch (args.args_[i].type) {
-    case internal::Arg::NONE:
-      return;
-    case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
-      named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
-      map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
-      break;
-    default:
-      /*nothing*/;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<Char>::grow(std::size_t) {
-  FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error("buffer overflow"));
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC Arg fmt::internal::FormatterBase::do_get_arg(
-    unsigned arg_index, const char *&error) {
-  Arg arg = args_[arg_index];
-  switch (arg.type) {
-  case Arg::NONE:
-    error = "argument index out of range";
-    break;
-  case Arg::NAMED_ARG:
-    arg = *static_cast<const internal::Arg*>(arg.pointer);
-    break;
-  default:
-    /*nothing*/;
-  }
-  return arg;
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::parse_flags(
-    FormatSpec &spec, const Char *&s) {
-  for (;;) {
-    switch (*s++) {
-      case '-':
-        spec.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
-        break;
-      case '+':
-        spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG | PLUS_FLAG;
-        break;
-      case '0':
-        spec.fill_ = '0';
-        break;
-      case ' ':
-        spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG;
-        break;
-      case '#':
-        spec.flags_ |= HASH_FLAG;
-        break;
-      default:
-        --s;
-        return;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-Arg fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::get_arg(
-    const Char *s, unsigned arg_index) {
-  (void)s;
-  const char *error = 0;
-  Arg arg = arg_index == UINT_MAX ?
-    next_arg(error) : FormatterBase::get_arg(arg_index - 1, error);
-  if (error)
-    FMT_THROW(FormatError(!*s ? "invalid format string" : error));
-  return arg;
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-unsigned fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::parse_header(
-  const Char *&s, FormatSpec &spec) {
-  unsigned arg_index = UINT_MAX;
-  Char c = *s;
-  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
-    // Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
-    // preceded with '0' flag(s).
-    unsigned value = parse_nonnegative_int(s);
-    if (*s == '$') {  // value is an argument index
-      ++s;
-      arg_index = value;
-    } else {
-      if (c == '0')
-        spec.fill_ = '0';
-      if (value != 0) {
-        // Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
-        // parse it or flags again, so return now.
-        spec.width_ = value;
-        return arg_index;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  parse_flags(spec, s);
-  // Parse width.
-  if (*s >= '0' && *s <= '9') {
-    spec.width_ = parse_nonnegative_int(s);
-  } else if (*s == '*') {
-    ++s;
-    spec.width_ = WidthHandler(spec).visit(get_arg(s));
-  }
-  return arg_index;
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::format(
-    BasicWriter<Char> &writer, BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str) {
-  const Char *start = format_str.c_str();
-  const Char *s = start;
-  while (*s) {
-    Char c = *s++;
-    if (c != '%') continue;
-    if (*s == c) {
-      write(writer, start, s);
-      start = ++s;
-      continue;
-    }
-    write(writer, start, s - 1);
-
-    FormatSpec spec;
-    spec.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
-
-    // Parse argument index, flags and width.
-    unsigned arg_index = parse_header(s, spec);
-
-    // Parse precision.
-    if (*s == '.') {
-      ++s;
-      if ('0' <= *s && *s <= '9') {
-        spec.precision_ = static_cast<int>(parse_nonnegative_int(s));
-      } else if (*s == '*') {
-        ++s;
-        spec.precision_ = PrecisionHandler().visit(get_arg(s));
-      }
-    }
-
-    Arg arg = get_arg(s, arg_index);
-    if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG) && IsZeroInt().visit(arg))
-      spec.flags_ &= ~to_unsigned<int>(HASH_FLAG);
-    if (spec.fill_ == '0') {
-      if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_NUMERIC_TYPE)
-        spec.align_ = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
-      else
-        spec.fill_ = ' ';  // Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types.
-    }
-
-    // Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
-    switch (*s++) {
-    case 'h':
-      if (*s == 'h')
-        ArgConverter<signed char>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
-      else
-        ArgConverter<short>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'l':
-      if (*s == 'l')
-        ArgConverter<fmt::LongLong>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
-      else
-        ArgConverter<long>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'j':
-      ArgConverter<intmax_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'z':
-      ArgConverter<std::size_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 't':
-      ArgConverter<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'L':
-      // printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
-      // need to do the same.
-      break;
-    default:
-      --s;
-      ArgConverter<void>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-    }
-
-    // Parse type.
-    if (!*s)
-      FMT_THROW(FormatError("invalid format string"));
-    spec.type_ = static_cast<char>(*s++);
-    if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_INTEGER_TYPE) {
-      // Normalize type.
-      switch (spec.type_) {
-      case 'i': case 'u':
-        spec.type_ = 'd';
-        break;
-      case 'c':
-        // TODO: handle wchar_t
-        CharConverter(arg).visit(arg);
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-
-    start = s;
-
-    // Format argument.
-    internal::PrintfArgFormatter<Char>(writer, spec).visit(arg);
-  }
-  write(writer, start, s);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::report_system_error(
-    int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
-  fmt::report_error(internal::format_system_error, error_code, message);
-}
-
-#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::report_windows_error(
-    int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
-  fmt::report_error(internal::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
-}
-#endif
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  w.write(format_str, args);
-  std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, w.size(), f);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
-  print(stdout, format_str, args);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format_str,
-                         ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  w.write(format_str, args);
-  write(os, w);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print_colored(Color c, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  char escape[] = "\x1b[30m";
-  escape[3] = static_cast<char>('0' + c);
-  std::fputs(escape, stdout);
-  print(format, args);
-  std::fputs(RESET_COLOR, stdout);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC int fmt::fprintf(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  printf(w, format, args);
-  std::size_t size = w.size();
-  return std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, size, f) < size ? -1 : static_cast<int>(size);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC int fmt::fprintf(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  printf(w, format, args);
-  write(os, w);
-  return static_cast<int>(w.size());
-}
-
-#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-
-template struct fmt::internal::BasicData<void>;
-
-// Explicit instantiations for char.
-
-template void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<char>::grow(std::size_t);
-
-template void fmt::internal::ArgMap<char>::init(const fmt::ArgList &args);
-
-template void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<char>::format(
-  BasicWriter<char> &writer, CStringRef format);
-
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
-    char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
-    unsigned width, int precision, double value);
-
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
-    char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
-    unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
-
-// Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
-
-template void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<wchar_t>::grow(std::size_t);
-
-template void fmt::internal::ArgMap<wchar_t>::init(const fmt::ArgList &args);
-
-template void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<wchar_t>::format(
-    BasicWriter<wchar_t> &writer, WCStringRef format);
-
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
-    wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
-    unsigned width, int precision, double value);
-
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
-    wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
-    unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
-
-#endif  // FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
diff --git a/dep/fmt/cppformat/format.h b/dep/fmt/cppformat/format.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3fbf86b894c..00000000000
--- a/dep/fmt/cppformat/format.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#include "../fmt/format.h"
-#warning Including cppformat/format.h is deprecated. Include fmt/format.h instead.
diff --git a/dep/fmt/cppformat/posix.cc b/dep/fmt/cppformat/posix.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index c6c2ae2c413..00000000000
--- a/dep/fmt/cppformat/posix.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-/*
- A C++ interface to POSIX functions.
-
- Copyright (c) 2014 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
- All rights reserved.
-
- Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-
- 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
-    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-
- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
- ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
- WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
- DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
- ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
- (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
- LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
- ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
- SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-// Disable bogus MSVC warnings.
-#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
-# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
-#endif
-
-#include "posix.h"
-
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-
-#ifndef _WIN32
-# include <unistd.h>
-#else
-# include <windows.h>
-# include <io.h>
-
-# define O_CREAT _O_CREAT
-# define O_TRUNC _O_TRUNC
-
-# ifndef S_IRUSR
-#  define S_IRUSR _S_IREAD
-# endif
-
-# ifndef S_IWUSR
-#  define S_IWUSR _S_IWRITE
-# endif
-
-# ifdef __MINGW32__
-#  define _SH_DENYNO 0x40
-# endif
-
-#endif  // _WIN32
-
-#ifdef fileno
-# undef fileno
-#endif
-
-namespace {
-#ifdef _WIN32
-// Return type of read and write functions.
-typedef int RWResult;
-
-// On Windows the count argument to read and write is unsigned, so convert
-// it from size_t preventing integer overflow.
-inline unsigned convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) {
-  return count <= UINT_MAX ? static_cast<unsigned>(count) : UINT_MAX;
-}
-#else
-// Return type of read and write functions.
-typedef ssize_t RWResult;
-
-inline std::size_t convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) { return count; }
-#endif
-}
-
-fmt::BufferedFile::~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  if (file_ && FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_)) != 0)
-    fmt::report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
-}
-
-fmt::BufferedFile::BufferedFile(
-    fmt::CStringRef filename, fmt::CStringRef mode) {
-  FMT_RETRY_VAL(file_, FMT_SYSTEM(fopen(filename.c_str(), mode.c_str())), 0);
-  if (!file_)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot open file {}", filename);
-}
-
-void fmt::BufferedFile::close() {
-  if (!file_)
-    return;
-  int result = FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_));
-  file_ = 0;
-  if (result != 0)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot close file");
-}
-
-// A macro used to prevent expansion of fileno on broken versions of MinGW.
-#define FMT_ARGS
-
-int fmt::BufferedFile::fileno() const {
-  int fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fileno FMT_ARGS(file_));
-  if (fd == -1)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get file descriptor");
-  return fd;
-}
-
-fmt::File::File(fmt::CStringRef path, int oflag) {
-  int mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
-#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
-  fd_ = -1;
-  FMT_POSIX_CALL(sopen_s(&fd_, path.c_str(), oflag, _SH_DENYNO, mode));
-#else
-  FMT_RETRY(fd_, FMT_POSIX_CALL(open(path.c_str(), oflag, mode)));
-#endif
-  if (fd_ == -1)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot open file {}", path);
-}
-
-fmt::File::~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  // Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
-  // See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
-  if (fd_ != -1 && FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_)) != 0)
-    fmt::report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
-}
-
-void fmt::File::close() {
-  if (fd_ == -1)
-    return;
-  // Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
-  // See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
-  int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_));
-  fd_ = -1;
-  if (result != 0)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot close file");
-}
-
-fmt::LongLong fmt::File::size() const {
-#ifdef _WIN32
-  // Use GetFileSize instead of GetFileSizeEx for the case when _WIN32_WINNT
-  // is less than 0x0500 as is the case with some default MinGW builds.
-  // Both functions support large file sizes.
-  DWORD size_upper = 0;
-  HANDLE handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(_get_osfhandle(fd_));
-  DWORD size_lower = FMT_SYSTEM(GetFileSize(handle, &size_upper));
-  if (size_lower == INVALID_FILE_SIZE) {
-    DWORD error = GetLastError();
-    if (error != NO_ERROR)
-      throw WindowsError(GetLastError(), "cannot get file size");
-  }
-  fmt::ULongLong long_size = size_upper;
-  return (long_size << sizeof(DWORD) * CHAR_BIT) | size_lower;
-#else
-  typedef struct stat Stat;
-  Stat file_stat = Stat();
-  if (FMT_POSIX_CALL(fstat(fd_, &file_stat)) == -1)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get file attributes");
-  FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(fmt::LongLong) >= sizeof(file_stat.st_size),
-      "return type of File::size is not large enough");
-  return file_stat.st_size;
-#endif
-}
-
-std::size_t fmt::File::read(void *buffer, std::size_t count) {
-  RWResult result = 0;
-  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(read(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
-  if (result < 0)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot read from file");
-  return internal::to_unsigned(result);
-}
-
-std::size_t fmt::File::write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count) {
-  RWResult result = 0;
-  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(write(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
-  if (result < 0)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot write to file");
-  return internal::to_unsigned(result);
-}
-
-fmt::File fmt::File::dup(int fd) {
-  // Don't retry as dup doesn't return EINTR.
-  // http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/dup.html
-  int new_fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup(fd));
-  if (new_fd == -1)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot duplicate file descriptor {}", fd);
-  return File(new_fd);
-}
-
-void fmt::File::dup2(int fd) {
-  int result = 0;
-  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
-  if (result == -1) {
-    throw SystemError(errno,
-      "cannot duplicate file descriptor {} to {}", fd_, fd);
-  }
-}
-
-void fmt::File::dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  int result = 0;
-  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
-  if (result == -1)
-    ec = ErrorCode(errno);
-}
-
-void fmt::File::pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end) {
-  // Close the descriptors first to make sure that assignments don't throw
-  // and there are no leaks.
-  read_end.close();
-  write_end.close();
-  int fds[2] = {};
-#ifdef _WIN32
-  // Make the default pipe capacity same as on Linux 2.6.11+.
-  enum { DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 65536 };
-  int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds, DEFAULT_CAPACITY, _O_BINARY));
-#else
-  // Don't retry as the pipe function doesn't return EINTR.
-  // http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009696799/functions/pipe.html
-  int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds));
-#endif
-  if (result != 0)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot create pipe");
-  // The following assignments don't throw because read_fd and write_fd
-  // are closed.
-  read_end = File(fds[0]);
-  write_end = File(fds[1]);
-}
-
-fmt::BufferedFile fmt::File::fdopen(const char *mode) {
-  // Don't retry as fdopen doesn't return EINTR.
-  FILE *f = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fdopen(fd_, mode));
-  if (!f)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot associate stream with file descriptor");
-  BufferedFile file(f);
-  fd_ = -1;
-  return file;
-}
-
-long fmt::getpagesize() {
-#ifdef _WIN32
-  SYSTEM_INFO si;
-  GetSystemInfo(&si);
-  return si.dwPageSize;
-#else
-  long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
-  if (size < 0)
-    throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get memory page size");
-  return size;
-#endif
-}
diff --git a/dep/fmt/cppformat/posix.h b/dep/fmt/cppformat/posix.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 97b6fadcdea..00000000000
--- a/dep/fmt/cppformat/posix.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#include "../fmt/posix.h"
-#warning Including cppformat/posix.h is deprecated. Include fmt/posix.h instead.
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/container.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/container.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb6303fb7e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/container.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ Formatting library for C++ - standard container utilities
+
+ Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ For the license information refer to format.h.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FMT_CONTAINER_H_
+#define FMT_CONTAINER_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+namespace fmt {
+
+namespace internal {
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  A "buffer" that appends data to a standard container (e.g. typically a
+  ``std::vector`` or ``std::basic_string``).
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <typename Container>
+class ContainerBuffer : public Buffer<typename Container::value_type> {
+ private:
+  Container& container_;
+
+ protected:
+  virtual void grow(std::size_t size) FMT_OVERRIDE {
+    container_.resize(size);
+    this->ptr_ = &container_[0];
+    this->capacity_ = size;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit ContainerBuffer(Container& container) : container_(container) {
+    this->size_ = container_.size();
+    if (this->size_ > 0) {
+      this->ptr_ = &container_[0];
+      this->capacity_ = this->size_;
+    }
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace internal
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  This class template provides operations for formatting and appending data
+  to a standard *container* like ``std::vector`` or ``std::basic_string``.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    void vecformat(std::vector<char>& dest, fmt::BasicCStringRef<char> format,
+                   fmt::ArgList args) {
+      fmt::BasicContainerWriter<std::vector<char> > appender(dest);
+      appender.write(format, args);
+    }
+    FMT_VARIADIC(void, vecformat, std::vector<char>&,
+                 fmt::BasicCStringRef<char>);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <class Container>
+class BasicContainerWriter
+  : public BasicWriter<typename Container::value_type> {
+ private:
+  internal::ContainerBuffer<Container> buffer_;
+
+ public:
+  /**
+    \rst
+    Constructs a :class:`fmt::BasicContainerWriter` object.
+    \endrst
+   */
+  explicit BasicContainerWriter(Container& dest)
+  : BasicWriter<typename Container::value_type>(buffer_), buffer_(dest) {}
+};
+
+} // namespace fmt
+
+#endif  // FMT_CONTAINER_H_
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/format.cc b/dep/fmt/fmt/format.cc
index 2bd774e4408..2d236bc641d 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/format.cc
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/format.cc
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 #endif
 
 #if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+# if !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY) && !defined(WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN)
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# endif
 # if defined(NOMINMAX) || defined(FMT_WIN_MINMAX)
 #  include <windows.h>
 # else
@@ -50,8 +53,6 @@
 # endif
 #endif
 
-using fmt::internal::Arg;
-
 #if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
 # define FMT_TRY try
 # define FMT_CATCH(x) catch (x)
@@ -71,18 +72,20 @@ using fmt::internal::Arg;
 
 // Dummy implementations of strerror_r and strerror_s called if corresponding
 // system functions are not available.
+FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
 static inline fmt::internal::Null<> strerror_r(int, char *, ...) {
   return fmt::internal::Null<>();
 }
+FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
 static inline fmt::internal::Null<> strerror_s(char *, std::size_t, ...) {
   return fmt::internal::Null<>();
 }
 
 namespace fmt {
 
-FMT_FUNC internal::RuntimeError::~RuntimeError() throw() {}
-FMT_FUNC FormatError::~FormatError() throw() {}
-FMT_FUNC SystemError::~SystemError() throw() {}
+FMT_FUNC internal::RuntimeError::~RuntimeError() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT {}
+FMT_FUNC FormatError::~FormatError() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT {}
+FMT_FUNC SystemError::~SystemError() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT {}
 
 namespace {
 
@@ -105,27 +108,6 @@ inline int fmt_snprintf(char *buffer, size_t size, const char *format, ...) {
 # define FMT_SWPRINTF swprintf
 #endif // defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
 
-// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
-// signed and unsigned integers.
-template <bool IsSigned>
-struct IntChecker {
-  template <typename T>
-  static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
-    unsigned max = INT_MAX;
-    return value <= max;
-  }
-  static bool fits_in_int(bool) { return true; }
-};
-
-template <>
-struct IntChecker<true> {
-  template <typename T>
-  static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
-    return value >= INT_MIN && value <= INT_MAX;
-  }
-  static bool fits_in_int(int) { return true; }
-};
-
 const char RESET_COLOR[] = "\x1b[0m";
 
 typedef void (*FormatFunc)(Writer &, int, StringRef);
@@ -141,7 +123,7 @@ typedef void (*FormatFunc)(Writer &, int, StringRef);
 // Buffer should be at least of size 1.
 int safe_strerror(
     int error_code, char *&buffer, std::size_t buffer_size) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
-  FMT_ASSERT(buffer != 0 && buffer_size != 0, "invalid buffer");
+  FMT_ASSERT(buffer != FMT_NULL && buffer_size != 0, "invalid buffer");
 
   class StrError {
    private:
@@ -179,6 +161,11 @@ int safe_strerror(
             ERANGE : result;
     }
 
+#ifdef __c2__
+# pragma clang diagnostic push
+# pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+#endif
+
     // Fallback to strerror if strerror_r and strerror_s are not available.
     int fallback(internal::Null<>) {
       errno = 0;
@@ -186,12 +173,15 @@ int safe_strerror(
       return errno;
     }
 
+#ifdef __c2__
+# pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
    public:
     StrError(int err_code, char *&buf, std::size_t buf_size)
       : error_code_(err_code), buffer_(buf), buffer_size_(buf_size) {}
 
     int run() {
-      strerror_r(0, 0, "");  // Suppress a warning about unused strerror_r.
       return handle(strerror_r(error_code_, buffer_, buffer_size_));
     }
   };
@@ -230,222 +220,19 @@ void report_error(FormatFunc func, int error_code,
   std::fwrite(full_message.data(), full_message.size(), 1, stderr);
   std::fputc('\n', stderr);
 }
-
-// IsZeroInt::visit(arg) returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
-class IsZeroInt : public ArgVisitor<IsZeroInt, bool> {
- public:
-  template <typename T>
-  bool visit_any_int(T value) { return value == 0; }
-};
-
-// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
-// left alignment if it is negative.
-class WidthHandler : public ArgVisitor<WidthHandler, unsigned> {
- private:
-  FormatSpec &spec_;
-
-  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(WidthHandler);
-
- public:
-  explicit WidthHandler(FormatSpec &spec) : spec_(spec) {}
-
-  void report_unhandled_arg() {
-    FMT_THROW(FormatError("width is not integer"));
-  }
-
-  template <typename T>
-  unsigned visit_any_int(T value) {
-    typedef typename internal::IntTraits<T>::MainType UnsignedType;
-    UnsignedType width = static_cast<UnsignedType>(value);
-    if (internal::is_negative(value)) {
-      spec_.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
-      width = 0 - width;
-    }
-    if (width > INT_MAX)
-      FMT_THROW(FormatError("number is too big"));
-    return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
-  }
-};
-
-class PrecisionHandler : public ArgVisitor<PrecisionHandler, int> {
- public:
-  void report_unhandled_arg() {
-    FMT_THROW(FormatError("precision is not integer"));
-  }
-
-  template <typename T>
-  int visit_any_int(T value) {
-    if (!IntChecker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
-      FMT_THROW(FormatError("number is too big"));
-    return static_cast<int>(value);
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename U>
-struct is_same {
-  enum { value = 0 };
-};
-
-template <typename T>
-struct is_same<T, T> {
-  enum { value = 1 };
-};
-
-// An argument visitor that converts an integer argument to T for printf,
-// if T is an integral type. If T is void, the argument is converted to
-// corresponding signed or unsigned type depending on the type specifier:
-// 'd' and 'i' - signed, other - unsigned)
-template <typename T = void>
-class ArgConverter : public ArgVisitor<ArgConverter<T>, void> {
- private:
-  internal::Arg &arg_;
-  wchar_t type_;
-
-  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArgConverter);
-
- public:
-  ArgConverter(internal::Arg &arg, wchar_t type)
-    : arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
-
-  void visit_bool(bool value) {
-    if (type_ != 's')
-      visit_any_int(value);
-  }
-
-  template <typename U>
-  void visit_any_int(U value) {
-    bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
-    using internal::Arg;
-    typedef typename internal::Conditional<
-        is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>::type TargetType;
-    if (sizeof(TargetType) <= sizeof(int)) {
-      // Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
-      if (is_signed) {
-        arg_.type = Arg::INT;
-        arg_.int_value = static_cast<int>(static_cast<TargetType>(value));
-      } else {
-        arg_.type = Arg::UINT;
-        typedef typename internal::MakeUnsigned<TargetType>::Type Unsigned;
-        arg_.uint_value = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<Unsigned>(value));
-      }
-    } else {
-      if (is_signed) {
-        arg_.type = Arg::LONG_LONG;
-        // glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
-        //   std::printf("%lld", -42);  // prints "4294967254"
-        // but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
-        arg_.long_long_value = static_cast<LongLong>(value);
-      } else {
-        arg_.type = Arg::ULONG_LONG;
-        arg_.ulong_long_value =
-            static_cast<typename internal::MakeUnsigned<U>::Type>(value);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
-class CharConverter : public ArgVisitor<CharConverter, void> {
- private:
-  internal::Arg &arg_;
-
-  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CharConverter);
-
- public:
-  explicit CharConverter(internal::Arg &arg) : arg_(arg) {}
-
-  template <typename T>
-  void visit_any_int(T value) {
-    arg_.type = internal::Arg::CHAR;
-    arg_.int_value = static_cast<char>(value);
-  }
-};
 }  // namespace
 
-namespace internal {
-
-template <typename Char>
-class PrintfArgFormatter :
-    public ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char> {
-
-  void write_null_pointer() {
-    this->spec().type_ = 0;
-    this->write("(nil)");
-  }
-
-  typedef ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char> Base;
-
- public:
-  PrintfArgFormatter(BasicWriter<Char> &w, FormatSpec &s)
-  : ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char>(w, s) {}
-
-  void visit_bool(bool value) {
-    FormatSpec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
-    if (fmt_spec.type_ != 's')
-      return this->visit_any_int(value);
-    fmt_spec.type_ = 0;
-    this->write(value);
-  }
-
-  void visit_char(int value) {
-    const FormatSpec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
-    BasicWriter<Char> &w = this->writer();
-    if (fmt_spec.type_ && fmt_spec.type_ != 'c')
-      w.write_int(value, fmt_spec);
-    typedef typename BasicWriter<Char>::CharPtr CharPtr;
-    CharPtr out = CharPtr();
-    if (fmt_spec.width_ > 1) {
-      Char fill = ' ';
-      out = w.grow_buffer(fmt_spec.width_);
-      if (fmt_spec.align_ != ALIGN_LEFT) {
-        std::fill_n(out, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
-        out += fmt_spec.width_ - 1;
-      } else {
-        std::fill_n(out + 1, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
-      }
-    } else {
-      out = w.grow_buffer(1);
-    }
-    *out = static_cast<Char>(value);
-  }
-
-  void visit_cstring(const char *value) {
-    if (value)
-      Base::visit_cstring(value);
-    else if (this->spec().type_ == 'p')
-      write_null_pointer();
-    else
-      this->write("(null)");
-  }
-
-  void visit_pointer(const void *value) {
-    if (value)
-      return Base::visit_pointer(value);
-    this->spec().type_ = 0;
-    write_null_pointer();
-  }
-
-  void visit_custom(Arg::CustomValue c) {
-    BasicFormatter<Char> formatter(ArgList(), this->writer());
-    const Char format_str[] = {'}', 0};
-    const Char *format = format_str;
-    c.format(&formatter, c.value, &format);
-  }
-};
-}  // namespace internal
-}  // namespace fmt
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::SystemError::init(
+FMT_FUNC void SystemError::init(
     int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
   error_code_ = err_code;
   MemoryWriter w;
-  internal::format_system_error(w, err_code, format(format_str, args));
+  format_system_error(w, err_code, format(format_str, args));
   std::runtime_error &base = *this;
   base = std::runtime_error(w.str());
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
+int internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
     char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
     unsigned width, int precision, T value) {
   if (width == 0) {
@@ -459,7 +246,7 @@ int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
+int internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
     wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
     unsigned width, int precision, T value) {
   if (width == 0) {
@@ -473,7 +260,7 @@ int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-const char fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::DIGITS[] =
+const char internal::BasicData<T>::DIGITS[] =
     "0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
     "2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
     "4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
@@ -492,40 +279,40 @@ const char fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::DIGITS[] =
   factor * 1000000000
 
 template <typename T>
-const uint32_t fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_32[] = {
+const uint32_t internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_32[] = {
   0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1)
 };
 
 template <typename T>
-const uint64_t fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_64[] = {
+const uint64_t internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_64[] = {
   0,
   FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1),
-  FMT_POWERS_OF_10(fmt::ULongLong(1000000000)),
+  FMT_POWERS_OF_10(ULongLong(1000000000)),
   // Multiply several constants instead of using a single long long constant
   // to avoid warnings about C++98 not supporting long long.
-  fmt::ULongLong(1000000000) * fmt::ULongLong(1000000000) * 10
+  ULongLong(1000000000) * ULongLong(1000000000) * 10
 };
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::report_unknown_type(char code, const char *type) {
+FMT_FUNC void internal::report_unknown_type(char code, const char *type) {
   (void)type;
   if (std::isprint(static_cast<unsigned char>(code))) {
-    FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError(
-        fmt::format("unknown format code '{}' for {}", code, type)));
+    FMT_THROW(FormatError(
+        format("unknown format code '{}' for {}", code, type)));
   }
-  FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError(
-      fmt::format("unknown format code '\\x{:02x}' for {}",
+  FMT_THROW(FormatError(
+      format("unknown format code '\\x{:02x}' for {}",
         static_cast<unsigned>(code), type)));
 }
 
 #if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
 
-FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF8ToUTF16::UTF8ToUTF16(fmt::StringRef s) {
+FMT_FUNC internal::UTF8ToUTF16::UTF8ToUTF16(StringRef s) {
   static const char ERROR_MSG[] = "cannot convert string from UTF-8 to UTF-16";
   if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
     FMT_THROW(WindowsError(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER, ERROR_MSG));
   int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
   int length = MultiByteToWideChar(
-      CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, 0, 0);
+      CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, FMT_NULL, 0);
   if (length == 0)
     FMT_THROW(WindowsError(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
   buffer_.resize(length + 1);
@@ -536,30 +323,31 @@ FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF8ToUTF16::UTF8ToUTF16(fmt::StringRef s) {
   buffer_[length] = 0;
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF16ToUTF8::UTF16ToUTF8(fmt::WStringRef s) {
+FMT_FUNC internal::UTF16ToUTF8::UTF16ToUTF8(WStringRef s) {
   if (int error_code = convert(s)) {
     FMT_THROW(WindowsError(error_code,
         "cannot convert string from UTF-16 to UTF-8"));
   }
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC int fmt::internal::UTF16ToUTF8::convert(fmt::WStringRef s) {
+FMT_FUNC int internal::UTF16ToUTF8::convert(WStringRef s) {
   if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
     return ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
   int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
-  int length = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+  int length = WideCharToMultiByte(
+    CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, FMT_NULL, 0, FMT_NULL, FMT_NULL);
   if (length == 0)
     return GetLastError();
   buffer_.resize(length + 1);
   length = WideCharToMultiByte(
-    CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length, 0, 0);
+    CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length, FMT_NULL, FMT_NULL);
   if (length == 0)
     return GetLastError();
   buffer_[length] = 0;
   return 0;
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::WindowsError::init(
+FMT_FUNC void WindowsError::init(
     int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
   error_code_ = err_code;
   MemoryWriter w;
@@ -568,17 +356,17 @@ FMT_FUNC void fmt::WindowsError::init(
   base = std::runtime_error(w.str());
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_windows_error(
-    fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
-    fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
+FMT_FUNC void internal::format_windows_error(
+    Writer &out, int error_code, StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
   FMT_TRY {
     MemoryBuffer<wchar_t, INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
     buffer.resize(INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
     for (;;) {
       wchar_t *system_message = &buffer[0];
-      int result = FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
-                                  0, error_code, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
-                                  system_message, static_cast<uint32_t>(buffer.size()), 0);
+      int result = FormatMessageW(
+        FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
+        FMT_NULL, error_code, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
+        system_message, static_cast<uint32_t>(buffer.size()), FMT_NULL);
       if (result != 0) {
         UTF16ToUTF8 utf8_message;
         if (utf8_message.convert(system_message) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
@@ -597,12 +385,11 @@ FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_windows_error(
 
 #endif  // FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_system_error(
-    fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
-    fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
+FMT_FUNC void format_system_error(
+    Writer &out, int error_code, StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
   FMT_TRY {
-    MemoryBuffer<char, INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
-    buffer.resize(INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    internal::MemoryBuffer<char, internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
+    buffer.resize(internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
     for (;;) {
       char *system_message = &buffer[0];
       int result = safe_strerror(error_code, system_message, buffer.size());
@@ -619,63 +406,18 @@ FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_system_error(
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::ArgMap<Char>::init(const ArgList &args) {
-  if (!map_.empty())
-    return;
-  typedef internal::NamedArg<Char> NamedArg;
-  const NamedArg *named_arg = 0;
-  bool use_values =
-      args.type(ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS - 1) == internal::Arg::NONE;
-  if (use_values) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
-      internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
-      switch (arg_type) {
-      case internal::Arg::NONE:
-        return;
-      case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
-        named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.values_[i].pointer);
-        map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
-        break;
-      default:
-        /*nothing*/;
-      }
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  for (unsigned i = 0; i != ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS; ++i) {
-    internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
-    if (arg_type == internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG) {
-      named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
-      map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
-    }
-  }
-  for (unsigned i = ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
-    switch (args.args_[i].type) {
-    case internal::Arg::NONE:
-      return;
-    case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
-      named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
-      map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
-      break;
-    default:
-      /*nothing*/;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<Char>::grow(std::size_t) {
+void internal::FixedBuffer<Char>::grow(std::size_t) {
   FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error("buffer overflow"));
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC Arg fmt::internal::FormatterBase::do_get_arg(
+FMT_FUNC internal::Arg internal::FormatterBase::do_get_arg(
     unsigned arg_index, const char *&error) {
-  Arg arg = args_[arg_index];
+  internal::Arg arg = args_[arg_index];
   switch (arg.type) {
-  case Arg::NONE:
+  case internal::Arg::NONE:
     error = "argument index out of range";
     break;
-  case Arg::NAMED_ARG:
+  case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
     arg = *static_cast<const internal::Arg*>(arg.pointer);
     break;
   default:
@@ -684,203 +426,31 @@ FMT_FUNC Arg fmt::internal::FormatterBase::do_get_arg(
   return arg;
 }
 
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::parse_flags(
-    FormatSpec &spec, const Char *&s) {
-  for (;;) {
-    switch (*s++) {
-      case '-':
-        spec.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
-        break;
-      case '+':
-        spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG | PLUS_FLAG;
-        break;
-      case '0':
-        spec.fill_ = '0';
-        break;
-      case ' ':
-        spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG;
-        break;
-      case '#':
-        spec.flags_ |= HASH_FLAG;
-        break;
-      default:
-        --s;
-        return;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-Arg fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::get_arg(
-    const Char *s, unsigned arg_index) {
-  (void)s;
-  const char *error = 0;
-  Arg arg = arg_index == UINT_MAX ?
-    next_arg(error) : FormatterBase::get_arg(arg_index - 1, error);
-  if (error)
-    FMT_THROW(FormatError(!*s ? "invalid format string" : error));
-  return arg;
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-unsigned fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::parse_header(
-  const Char *&s, FormatSpec &spec) {
-  unsigned arg_index = UINT_MAX;
-  Char c = *s;
-  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
-    // Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
-    // preceded with '0' flag(s).
-    unsigned value = parse_nonnegative_int(s);
-    if (*s == '$') {  // value is an argument index
-      ++s;
-      arg_index = value;
-    } else {
-      if (c == '0')
-        spec.fill_ = '0';
-      if (value != 0) {
-        // Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
-        // parse it or flags again, so return now.
-        spec.width_ = value;
-        return arg_index;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  parse_flags(spec, s);
-  // Parse width.
-  if (*s >= '0' && *s <= '9') {
-    spec.width_ = parse_nonnegative_int(s);
-  } else if (*s == '*') {
-    ++s;
-    spec.width_ = WidthHandler(spec).visit(get_arg(s));
-  }
-  return arg_index;
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::format(
-    BasicWriter<Char> &writer, BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str) {
-  const Char *start = format_str.c_str();
-  const Char *s = start;
-  while (*s) {
-    Char c = *s++;
-    if (c != '%') continue;
-    if (*s == c) {
-      write(writer, start, s);
-      start = ++s;
-      continue;
-    }
-    write(writer, start, s - 1);
-
-    FormatSpec spec;
-    spec.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
-
-    // Parse argument index, flags and width.
-    unsigned arg_index = parse_header(s, spec);
-
-    // Parse precision.
-    if (*s == '.') {
-      ++s;
-      if ('0' <= *s && *s <= '9') {
-        spec.precision_ = static_cast<int>(parse_nonnegative_int(s));
-      } else if (*s == '*') {
-        ++s;
-        spec.precision_ = PrecisionHandler().visit(get_arg(s));
-      }
-    }
-
-    Arg arg = get_arg(s, arg_index);
-    if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG) && IsZeroInt().visit(arg))
-      spec.flags_ &= ~to_unsigned<int>(HASH_FLAG);
-    if (spec.fill_ == '0') {
-      if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_NUMERIC_TYPE)
-        spec.align_ = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
-      else
-        spec.fill_ = ' ';  // Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types.
-    }
-
-    // Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
-    switch (*s++) {
-    case 'h':
-      if (*s == 'h')
-        ArgConverter<signed char>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
-      else
-        ArgConverter<short>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'l':
-      if (*s == 'l')
-        ArgConverter<fmt::LongLong>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
-      else
-        ArgConverter<long>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'j':
-      ArgConverter<intmax_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'z':
-      ArgConverter<std::size_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 't':
-      ArgConverter<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-      break;
-    case 'L':
-      // printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
-      // need to do the same.
-      break;
-    default:
-      --s;
-      ArgConverter<void>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
-    }
-
-    // Parse type.
-    if (!*s)
-      FMT_THROW(FormatError("invalid format string"));
-    spec.type_ = static_cast<char>(*s++);
-    if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_INTEGER_TYPE) {
-      // Normalize type.
-      switch (spec.type_) {
-      case 'i': case 'u':
-        spec.type_ = 'd';
-        break;
-      case 'c':
-        // TODO: handle wchar_t
-        CharConverter(arg).visit(arg);
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-
-    start = s;
-
-    // Format argument.
-    internal::PrintfArgFormatter<Char>(writer, spec).visit(arg);
-  }
-  write(writer, start, s);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::report_system_error(
+FMT_FUNC void report_system_error(
     int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
   // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
-  fmt::report_error(internal::format_system_error, error_code, message);
+  report_error(format_system_error, error_code, message);
 }
 
 #if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::report_windows_error(
+FMT_FUNC void report_windows_error(
     int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
   // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
-  fmt::report_error(internal::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
+  report_error(internal::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
 }
 #endif
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
+FMT_FUNC void print(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
   MemoryWriter w;
   w.write(format_str, args);
   std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, w.size(), f);
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
+FMT_FUNC void print(CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
   print(stdout, format_str, args);
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC void fmt::print_colored(Color c, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+FMT_FUNC void print_colored(Color c, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
   char escape[] = "\x1b[30m";
   escape[3] = static_cast<char>('0' + c);
   std::fputs(escape, stdout);
@@ -888,53 +458,38 @@ FMT_FUNC void fmt::print_colored(Color c, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
   std::fputs(RESET_COLOR, stdout);
 }
 
-FMT_FUNC int fmt::fprintf(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  printf(w, format, args);
-  std::size_t size = w.size();
-  return std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, size, f) < size ? -1 : static_cast<int>(size);
-}
-
 #ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 
-template struct fmt::internal::BasicData<void>;
+template struct internal::BasicData<void>;
 
 // Explicit instantiations for char.
 
-template void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<char>::grow(std::size_t);
-
-template void fmt::internal::ArgMap<char>::init(const fmt::ArgList &args);
-
-template void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<char>::format(
-  BasicWriter<char> &writer, CStringRef format);
+template void internal::FixedBuffer<char>::grow(std::size_t);
 
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
+template FMT_API int internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
     char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
     unsigned width, int precision, double value);
 
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
+template FMT_API int internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
     char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
     unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
 
 // Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
 
-template void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<wchar_t>::grow(std::size_t);
+template void internal::FixedBuffer<wchar_t>::grow(std::size_t);
 
-template void fmt::internal::ArgMap<wchar_t>::init(const fmt::ArgList &args);
-
-template void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<wchar_t>::format(
-    BasicWriter<wchar_t> &writer, WCStringRef format);
-
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
+template FMT_API int internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
     wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
     unsigned width, int precision, double value);
 
-template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
+template FMT_API int internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
     wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
     unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
 
 #endif  // FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 
+}  // namespace fmt
+
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 # pragma warning(pop)
 #endif
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/format.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/format.h
index f8ce147cb38..dd8d2836005 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/format.h
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/format.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #ifndef FMT_FORMAT_H_
 #define FMT_FORMAT_H_
 
+#define FMT_INCLUDE
 #include <cassert>
 #include <clocale>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -38,9 +39,27 @@
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
-#include <utility>
+#include <utility>  // for std::pair
+#undef FMT_INCLUDE
 
-#ifdef _SECURE_SCL
+// The fmt library version in the form major * 10000 + minor * 100 + patch.
+#define FMT_VERSION 40001
+
+#if defined(__has_include)
+# define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) __has_include(x)
+#else
+# define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#if (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<string_view>) && __cplusplus > 201402L) || \
+    (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 201402L && _MSC_VER >= 1910)
+# include <string_view>
+# define FMT_HAS_STRING_VIEW 1
+#else
+# define FMT_HAS_STRING_VIEW 0
+#endif
+
+#if defined _SECURE_SCL && _SECURE_SCL
 # define FMT_SECURE_SCL _SECURE_SCL
 #else
 # define FMT_SECURE_SCL 0
@@ -94,7 +113,9 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
 #  define FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11 1
 # endif
 #else
+# define FMT_GCC_VERSION 0
 # define FMT_GCC_EXTENSION
+# define FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11 0
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
@@ -104,6 +125,7 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(FMT_ICC_VERSION)
+# define FMT_CLANG_VERSION (__clang_major__ * 100 + __clang_minor__)
 # pragma clang diagnostic push
 # pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdocumentation-unknown-command"
 # pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
@@ -131,6 +153,32 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
 # define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) 0
 #endif
 
+#if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(maybe_unused)
+# define FMT_HAS_CXX17_ATTRIBUTE_MAYBE_UNUSED
+// VC++ 1910 support /std: option and that will set _MSVC_LANG macro
+// Clang with Microsoft CodeGen doesn't define _MSVC_LANG macro
+#elif defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 201402
+# define FMT_HAS_CXX17_ATTRIBUTE_MAYBE_UNUSED
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_HAS_CXX17_ATTRIBUTE_MAYBE_UNUSED
+# define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED [[maybe_unused]]
+// g++/clang++ also support [[gnu::unused]]. However, we don't use it.
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+# define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
+#else
+# define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
+#endif
+
+// Use the compiler's attribute noreturn
+#if defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)
+# define FMT_NORETURN __attribute__((noreturn))
+#elif FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# define FMT_NORETURN [[noreturn]]
+#else
+# define FMT_NORETURN
+#endif
+
 #ifndef FMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES
 // Variadic templates are available in GCC since version 4.4
 // (http://gcc.gnu.org/projects/cxx0x.html) and in Visual C++
@@ -152,10 +200,6 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
 # endif
 #endif
 
-#if FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
-# include <utility>  // for std::move
-#endif
-
 // Check if exceptions are disabled.
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
 # define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 0
@@ -180,22 +224,32 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
 # define FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT 0
 #endif
 
-#ifndef FMT_NOEXCEPT
-# if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
-#  if FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_noexcept) || \
+#if FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_noexcept) || \
     (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || \
     FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
-#   define FMT_NOEXCEPT noexcept
-#  else
-#   define FMT_NOEXCEPT throw()
-#  endif
+# define FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#else
+# define FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_NOEXCEPT
+# if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#  define FMT_NOEXCEPT FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT
 # else
 #  define FMT_NOEXCEPT
 # endif
 #endif
 
+// This is needed because GCC still uses throw() in its headers when exceptions
+// are disabled.
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION
+# define FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT
+#else
+# define FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_NOEXCEPT
+#endif
+
 #ifndef FMT_OVERRIDE
-# if FMT_USE_OVERRIDE || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_override) || \
+# if (defined(FMT_USE_OVERRIDE) && FMT_USE_OVERRIDE) || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_override) || \
    (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || \
    FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
 #  define FMT_OVERRIDE override
@@ -204,6 +258,15 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
 # endif
 #endif
 
+#ifndef FMT_NULL
+# if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_nullptr) || \
+   (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || \
+   FMT_MSC_VER >= 1600
+#  define FMT_NULL nullptr
+# else
+#  define FMT_NULL NULL
+# endif
+#endif
 
 // A macro to disallow the copy constructor and operator= functions
 // This should be used in the private: declarations for a class
@@ -224,40 +287,75 @@ typedef __int64          intmax_t;
     TypeName& operator=(const TypeName&)
 #endif
 
+#ifndef FMT_USE_DEFAULTED_FUNCTIONS
+# define FMT_USE_DEFAULTED_FUNCTIONS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_DEFAULTED_COPY_CTOR
+# if FMT_USE_DEFAULTED_FUNCTIONS || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_defaulted_functions) || \
+   (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 404 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1800
+#  define FMT_DEFAULTED_COPY_CTOR(TypeName) \
+    TypeName(const TypeName&) = default;
+# else
+#  define FMT_DEFAULTED_COPY_CTOR(TypeName)
+# endif
+#endif
+
 #ifndef FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
 // All compilers which support UDLs also support variadic templates. This
 // makes the fmt::literals implementation easier. However, an explicit check
 // for variadic templates is added here just in case.
 // For Intel's compiler both it and the system gcc/msc must support UDLs.
-# define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS \
-   FMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES && FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES && \
+# if FMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES && FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES && \
    (FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_user_literals) || \
      (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 407 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900) && \
    (!defined(FMT_ICC_VERSION) || FMT_ICC_VERSION >= 1500)
+#  define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 1
+# else
+#  define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+# define FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES \
+    (FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 209 || (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 303 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11))
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+// If header only do not use extern templates.
+# undef FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+# define FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES 0
 #endif
 
 #ifndef FMT_ASSERT
 # define FMT_ASSERT(condition, message) assert((condition) && message)
 #endif
 
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 400 || FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clz)
-# define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) __builtin_clz(n)
-#endif
+// __builtin_clz is broken in clang with Microsoft CodeGen:
+// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/519
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+# if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 400 || FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clz)
+#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) __builtin_clz(n)
+# endif
 
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 400 || FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clzll)
-# define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) __builtin_clzll(n)
+# if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 400 || FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clzll)
+#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) __builtin_clzll(n)
+# endif
 #endif
 
 // Some compilers masquerade as both MSVC and GCC-likes or
 // otherwise support __builtin_clz and __builtin_clzll, so
 // only define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ using the MSVC intrinsics
 // if the clz and clzll builtins are not available.
-#if FMT_MSC_VER && !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL)
+#if FMT_MSC_VER && !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL) && !defined(_MANAGED)
 # include <intrin.h>  // _BitScanReverse, _BitScanReverse64
 
 namespace fmt {
 namespace internal {
-# pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
+// avoid Clang with Microsoft CodeGen's -Wunknown-pragmas warning
+# ifndef __clang__
+#  pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
+# endif
 inline uint32_t clz(uint32_t x) {
   unsigned long r = 0;
   _BitScanReverse(&r, x);
@@ -271,7 +369,8 @@ inline uint32_t clz(uint32_t x) {
 }
 # define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) fmt::internal::clz(n)
 
-# ifdef _WIN64
+// avoid Clang with Microsoft CodeGen's -Wunknown-pragmas warning
+# if defined(_WIN64) && !defined(__clang__)
 #  pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse64)
 # endif
 
@@ -360,8 +459,10 @@ class numeric_limits<fmt::internal::DummyInt> :
   // Portable version of signbit.
   static bool isnegative(double x) {
     using namespace fmt::internal;
-    if (const_check(sizeof(signbit(x)) == sizeof(int)))
+    if (const_check(sizeof(signbit(x)) == sizeof(bool) ||
+                    sizeof(signbit(x)) == sizeof(int))) {
       return signbit(x) != 0;
+    }
     if (x < 0) return true;
     if (!isnotanumber(x)) return false;
     int dec = 0, sign = 0;
@@ -392,13 +493,19 @@ typedef BasicWriter<wchar_t> WWriter;
 template <typename Char>
 class ArgFormatter;
 
+struct FormatSpec;
+
+template <typename Impl, typename Char, typename Spec = fmt::FormatSpec>
+class BasicPrintfArgFormatter;
+
 template <typename CharType,
           typename ArgFormatter = fmt::ArgFormatter<CharType> >
 class BasicFormatter;
 
 /**
   \rst
-  A string reference. It can be constructed from a C string or ``std::string``.
+  A string reference. It can be constructed from a C string or
+  ``std::basic_string``.
 
   You can use one of the following typedefs for common character types:
 
@@ -441,12 +548,34 @@ class BasicStringRef {
 
   /**
     \rst
-    Constructs a string reference from an ``std::string`` object.
+    Constructs a string reference from a ``std::basic_string`` object.
     \endrst
    */
-  BasicStringRef(const std::basic_string<Char> &s)
+  template <typename Allocator>
+  BasicStringRef(
+      const std::basic_string<Char, std::char_traits<Char>, Allocator> &s)
   : data_(s.c_str()), size_(s.size()) {}
 
+#if FMT_HAS_STRING_VIEW
+  /**
+    \rst
+    Constructs a string reference from a ``std::basic_string_view`` object.
+    \endrst
+   */
+  BasicStringRef(
+      const std::basic_string_view<Char, std::char_traits<Char>> &s)
+  : data_(s.data()), size_(s.size()) {}
+
+  /**
+   \rst
+   Converts a string reference to an ``std::string_view`` object.
+   \endrst
+  */
+  explicit operator std::basic_string_view<Char>() const FMT_NOEXCEPT {
+    return std::basic_string_view<Char>(data_, size_);
+  }
+#endif
+
   /**
     \rst
     Converts a string reference to an ``std::string`` object.
@@ -497,7 +626,7 @@ typedef BasicStringRef<wchar_t> WStringRef;
 /**
   \rst
   A reference to a null terminated string. It can be constructed from a C
-  string or ``std::string``.
+  string or ``std::basic_string``.
 
   You can use one of the following typedefs for common character types:
 
@@ -530,10 +659,13 @@ class BasicCStringRef {
 
   /**
     \rst
-    Constructs a string reference from an ``std::string`` object.
+    Constructs a string reference from a ``std::basic_string`` object.
     \endrst
    */
-  BasicCStringRef(const std::basic_string<Char> &s) : data_(s.c_str()) {}
+  template <typename Allocator>
+  BasicCStringRef(
+      const std::basic_string<Char, std::char_traits<Char>, Allocator> &s)
+  : data_(s.c_str()) {}
 
   /** Returns the pointer to a C string. */
   const Char *c_str() const { return data_; }
@@ -547,7 +679,8 @@ class FormatError : public std::runtime_error {
  public:
   explicit FormatError(CStringRef message)
   : std::runtime_error(message.c_str()) {}
-  ~FormatError() throw();
+  FormatError(const FormatError &ferr) : std::runtime_error(ferr) {}
+  FMT_API ~FormatError() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_OVERRIDE;
 };
 
 namespace internal {
@@ -605,7 +738,7 @@ class Buffer {
   std::size_t size_;
   std::size_t capacity_;
 
-  Buffer(T *ptr = 0, std::size_t capacity = 0)
+  Buffer(T *ptr = FMT_NULL, std::size_t capacity = 0)
     : ptr_(ptr), size_(0), capacity_(capacity) {}
 
   /**
@@ -663,7 +796,8 @@ class Buffer {
 template <typename T>
 template <typename U>
 void Buffer<T>::append(const U *begin, const U *end) {
-  std::size_t new_size = size_ + internal::to_unsigned(end - begin);
+  FMT_ASSERT(end >= begin, "negative value");
+  std::size_t new_size = size_ + static_cast<std::size_t>(end - begin);
   if (new_size > capacity_)
     grow(new_size);
   std::uninitialized_copy(begin, end,
@@ -691,7 +825,7 @@ class MemoryBuffer : private Allocator, public Buffer<T> {
  public:
   explicit MemoryBuffer(const Allocator &alloc = Allocator())
       : Allocator(alloc), Buffer<T>(data_, SIZE) {}
-  ~MemoryBuffer() { deallocate(); }
+  ~MemoryBuffer() FMT_OVERRIDE { deallocate(); }
 
 #if FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
  private:
@@ -735,7 +869,7 @@ void MemoryBuffer<T, SIZE, Allocator>::grow(std::size_t size) {
   std::size_t new_capacity = this->capacity_ + this->capacity_ / 2;
   if (size > new_capacity)
       new_capacity = size;
-  T *new_ptr = this->allocate(new_capacity);
+  T *new_ptr = this->allocate(new_capacity, FMT_NULL);
   // The following code doesn't throw, so the raw pointer above doesn't leak.
   std::uninitialized_copy(this->ptr_, this->ptr_ + this->size_,
                           make_ptr(new_ptr, new_capacity));
@@ -757,7 +891,7 @@ class FixedBuffer : public fmt::Buffer<Char> {
   FixedBuffer(Char *array, std::size_t size) : fmt::Buffer<Char>(array, size) {}
 
  protected:
-  FMT_API void grow(std::size_t size);
+  FMT_API void grow(std::size_t size) FMT_OVERRIDE;
 };
 
 template <typename Char>
@@ -789,6 +923,15 @@ class CharTraits<char> : public BasicCharTraits<char> {
       const char *format, unsigned width, int precision, T value);
 };
 
+#if FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+extern template int CharTraits<char>::format_float<double>
+        (char *buffer, std::size_t size,
+         const char* format, unsigned width, int precision, double value);
+extern template int CharTraits<char>::format_float<long double>
+        (char *buffer, std::size_t size,
+         const char* format, unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
+#endif
+
 template <>
 class CharTraits<wchar_t> : public BasicCharTraits<wchar_t> {
  public:
@@ -800,6 +943,15 @@ class CharTraits<wchar_t> : public BasicCharTraits<wchar_t> {
       const wchar_t *format, unsigned width, int precision, T value);
 };
 
+#if FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+extern template int CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float<double>
+        (wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size,
+         const wchar_t* format, unsigned width, int precision, double value);
+extern template int CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float<long double>
+        (wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size,
+         const wchar_t* format, unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
+#endif
+
 // Checks if a number is negative - used to avoid warnings.
 template <bool IsSigned>
 struct SignChecker {
@@ -835,7 +987,7 @@ struct IntTraits {
     TypeSelector<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits <= 32>::Type MainType;
 };
 
-FMT_API void report_unknown_type(char code, const char *type);
+FMT_API FMT_NORETURN void report_unknown_type(char code, const char *type);
 
 // Static data is placed in this class template to allow header-only
 // configuration.
@@ -846,13 +998,7 @@ struct FMT_API BasicData {
   static const char DIGITS[];
 };
 
-#ifndef FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
-// Clang doesn't have a feature check for extern templates so we check
-// for variadic templates which were introduced in the same version.
-# define FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES (__clang__ && FMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES && !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY)
+#if FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
 extern template struct BasicData<void>;
 #endif
 
@@ -950,7 +1096,8 @@ inline void format_decimal(Char *buffer, UInt value, unsigned num_digits,
 
 template <typename UInt, typename Char>
 inline void format_decimal(Char *buffer, UInt value, unsigned num_digits) {
-  return format_decimal(buffer, value, num_digits, NoThousandsSep());
+  format_decimal(buffer, value, num_digits, NoThousandsSep());
+  return;
 }
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
@@ -1000,9 +1147,6 @@ FMT_API void format_windows_error(fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
                                   fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
 #endif
 
-FMT_API void format_system_error(fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
-                                 fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
-
 // A formatting argument value.
 struct Value {
   template <typename Char>
@@ -1052,6 +1196,8 @@ struct Arg : Value {
 
 template <typename Char>
 struct NamedArg;
+template <typename Char, typename T>
+struct NamedArgWithType;
 
 template <typename T = void>
 struct Null {};
@@ -1080,17 +1226,17 @@ T &get();
 Yes &convert(fmt::ULongLong);
 No &convert(...);
 
-template<typename T, bool ENABLE_CONVERSION>
+template <typename T, bool ENABLE_CONVERSION>
 struct ConvertToIntImpl {
   enum { value = ENABLE_CONVERSION };
 };
 
-template<typename T, bool ENABLE_CONVERSION>
+template <typename T, bool ENABLE_CONVERSION>
 struct ConvertToIntImpl2 {
   enum { value = false };
 };
 
-template<typename T>
+template <typename T>
 struct ConvertToIntImpl2<T, true> {
   enum {
     // Don't convert numeric types.
@@ -1098,9 +1244,11 @@ struct ConvertToIntImpl2<T, true> {
   };
 };
 
-template<typename T>
+template <typename T>
 struct ConvertToInt {
-  enum { enable_conversion = sizeof(convert(get<T>())) == sizeof(Yes) };
+  enum {
+    enable_conversion = sizeof(fmt::internal::convert(get<T>())) == sizeof(Yes)
+  };
   enum { value = ConvertToIntImpl2<T, enable_conversion>::value };
 };
 
@@ -1113,26 +1261,29 @@ FMT_DISABLE_CONVERSION_TO_INT(float);
 FMT_DISABLE_CONVERSION_TO_INT(double);
 FMT_DISABLE_CONVERSION_TO_INT(long double);
 
-template<bool B, class T = void>
+template <bool B, class T = void>
 struct EnableIf {};
 
-template<class T>
+template <class T>
 struct EnableIf<true, T> { typedef T type; };
 
-template<bool B, class T, class F>
+template <bool B, class T, class F>
 struct Conditional { typedef T type; };
 
-template<class T, class F>
+template <class T, class F>
 struct Conditional<false, T, F> { typedef F type; };
 
 // For bcc32 which doesn't understand ! in template arguments.
-template<bool>
+template <bool>
 struct Not { enum { value = 0 }; };
 
-template<>
+template <>
 struct Not<false> { enum { value = 1 }; };
 
-template<typename T, T> struct LConvCheck {
+template <typename T>
+struct FalseType { enum { value = 0 }; };
+
+template <typename T, T> struct LConvCheck {
   LConvCheck(int) {}
 };
 
@@ -1147,6 +1298,35 @@ inline StringRef thousands_sep(
 
 inline fmt::StringRef thousands_sep(...) { return ""; }
 
+#define FMT_CONCAT(a, b) a##b
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 303
+# define FMT_UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
+#else
+# define FMT_UNUSED
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT
+# define FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT 0
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_static_assert) || \
+  (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 403 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || _MSC_VER >= 1600
+# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) static_assert(cond, message)
+#else
+# define FMT_CONCAT_(a, b) FMT_CONCAT(a, b)
+# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) \
+  typedef int FMT_CONCAT_(Assert, __LINE__)[(cond) ? 1 : -1] FMT_UNUSED
+#endif
+
+template <typename Formatter>
+void format_arg(Formatter&, ...) {
+  FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(FalseType<Formatter>::value,
+                    "Cannot format argument. To enable the use of ostream "
+                    "operator<< include fmt/ostream.h. Otherwise provide "
+                    "an overload of format_arg.");
+}
+
 // Makes an Arg object from any type.
 template <typename Formatter>
 class MakeValue : public Arg {
@@ -1174,6 +1354,9 @@ class MakeValue : public Arg {
   MakeValue(typename WCharHelper<wchar_t *, Char>::Unsupported);
   MakeValue(typename WCharHelper<const wchar_t *, Char>::Unsupported);
   MakeValue(typename WCharHelper<const std::wstring &, Char>::Unsupported);
+#if FMT_HAS_STRING_VIEW
+  MakeValue(typename WCharHelper<const std::wstring_view &, Char>::Unsupported);
+#endif
   MakeValue(typename WCharHelper<WStringRef, Char>::Unsupported);
 
   void set_string(StringRef str) {
@@ -1190,9 +1373,9 @@ class MakeValue : public Arg {
   template <typename T>
   static void format_custom_arg(
       void *formatter, const void *arg, void *format_str_ptr) {
-    format(*static_cast<Formatter*>(formatter),
-           *static_cast<const Char**>(format_str_ptr),
-           *static_cast<const T*>(arg));
+    format_arg(*static_cast<Formatter*>(formatter),
+               *static_cast<const Char**>(format_str_ptr),
+               *static_cast<const T*>(arg));
   }
 
  public:
@@ -1243,6 +1426,20 @@ class MakeValue : public Arg {
   FMT_MAKE_VALUE(unsigned char, uint_value, UINT)
   FMT_MAKE_VALUE(char, int_value, CHAR)
 
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+  template <
+    typename T,
+    typename = typename std::enable_if<
+      std::is_enum<T>::value && ConvertToInt<T>::value>::type>
+   MakeValue(T value) { int_value = value; }
+
+  template <
+    typename T,
+    typename = typename std::enable_if<
+      std::is_enum<T>::value && ConvertToInt<T>::value>::type>
+  static uint64_t type(T) { return Arg::INT; }
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)
   MakeValue(typename WCharHelper<wchar_t, Char>::Supported value) {
     int_value = value;
@@ -1261,6 +1458,9 @@ class MakeValue : public Arg {
   FMT_MAKE_VALUE(unsigned char *, ustring.value, CSTRING)
   FMT_MAKE_VALUE(const unsigned char *, ustring.value, CSTRING)
   FMT_MAKE_STR_VALUE(const std::string &, STRING)
+#if FMT_HAS_STRING_VIEW
+  FMT_MAKE_STR_VALUE(const std::string_view &, STRING)
+#endif
   FMT_MAKE_STR_VALUE(StringRef, STRING)
   FMT_MAKE_VALUE_(CStringRef, string.value, CSTRING, value.c_str())
 
@@ -1273,6 +1473,9 @@ class MakeValue : public Arg {
   FMT_MAKE_WSTR_VALUE(wchar_t *, WSTRING)
   FMT_MAKE_WSTR_VALUE(const wchar_t *, WSTRING)
   FMT_MAKE_WSTR_VALUE(const std::wstring &, WSTRING)
+#if FMT_HAS_STRING_VIEW
+  FMT_MAKE_WSTR_VALUE(const std::wstring_view &, WSTRING)
+#endif
   FMT_MAKE_WSTR_VALUE(WStringRef, WSTRING)
 
   FMT_MAKE_VALUE(void *, pointer, POINTER)
@@ -1287,23 +1490,22 @@ class MakeValue : public Arg {
   }
 
   template <typename T>
-  MakeValue(const T &value,
-            typename EnableIf<ConvertToInt<T>::value, int>::type = 0) {
-    int_value = value;
-  }
-
-  template <typename T>
-  static uint64_t type(const T &) {
-    return ConvertToInt<T>::value ? Arg::INT : Arg::CUSTOM;
+  static typename EnableIf<Not<ConvertToInt<T>::value>::value, uint64_t>::type
+      type(const T &) {
+    return Arg::CUSTOM;
   }
 
   // Additional template param `Char_` is needed here because make_type always
   // uses char.
   template <typename Char_>
   MakeValue(const NamedArg<Char_> &value) { pointer = &value; }
+  template <typename Char_, typename T>
+  MakeValue(const NamedArgWithType<Char_, T> &value) { pointer = &value; }
 
   template <typename Char_>
   static uint64_t type(const NamedArg<Char_> &) { return Arg::NAMED_ARG; }
+  template <typename Char_, typename T>
+  static uint64_t type(const NamedArgWithType<Char_, T> &) { return Arg::NAMED_ARG; }
 };
 
 template <typename Formatter>
@@ -1329,16 +1531,20 @@ struct NamedArg : Arg {
   : Arg(MakeArg< BasicFormatter<Char> >(value)), name(argname) {}
 };
 
+template <typename Char, typename T>
+struct NamedArgWithType : NamedArg<Char> {
+  NamedArgWithType(BasicStringRef<Char> argname, const T &value)
+  : NamedArg<Char>(argname, value) {}
+};
+
 class RuntimeError : public std::runtime_error {
  protected:
   RuntimeError() : std::runtime_error("") {}
-  ~RuntimeError() throw();
+  RuntimeError(const RuntimeError &rerr) : std::runtime_error(rerr) {}
+  FMT_API ~RuntimeError() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_OVERRIDE;
 };
 
 template <typename Char>
-class PrintfArgFormatter;
-
-template <typename Char>
 class ArgMap;
 }  // namespace internal
 
@@ -1359,10 +1565,7 @@ class ArgList {
   };
 
   internal::Arg::Type type(unsigned index) const {
-    unsigned shift = index * 4;
-    uint64_t mask = 0xf;
-    return static_cast<internal::Arg::Type>(
-          (types_ & (mask << shift)) >> shift);
+    return type(types_, index);
   }
 
   template <typename Char>
@@ -1379,6 +1582,8 @@ class ArgList {
   ArgList(ULongLong types, const internal::Arg *args)
   : types_(types), args_(args) {}
 
+  uint64_t types() const { return types_; }
+
   /** Returns the argument at specified index. */
   internal::Arg operator[](unsigned index) const {
     using internal::Arg;
@@ -1404,6 +1609,13 @@ class ArgList {
     }
     return args_[index];
   }
+
+  static internal::Arg::Type type(uint64_t types, unsigned index) {
+    unsigned shift = index * 4;
+    uint64_t mask = 0xf;
+    return static_cast<internal::Arg::Type>(
+          (types & (mask << shift)) >> shift);
+  }
 };
 
 #define FMT_DISPATCH(call) static_cast<Impl*>(this)->call
@@ -1588,6 +1800,7 @@ struct TypeSpec : EmptySpec {
   int precision() const { return -1; }
   bool flag(unsigned) const { return false; }
   char type() const { return TYPE; }
+  char type_prefix() const { return TYPE; }
   char fill() const { return ' '; }
 };
 
@@ -1623,6 +1836,7 @@ struct AlignTypeSpec : AlignSpec {
 
   bool flag(unsigned) const { return false; }
   char type() const { return TYPE; }
+  char type_prefix() const { return TYPE; }
 };
 
 // A full format specifier.
@@ -1638,6 +1852,7 @@ struct FormatSpec : AlignSpec {
   bool flag(unsigned f) const { return (flags_ & f) != 0; }
   int precision() const { return precision_; }
   char type() const { return type_; }
+  char type_prefix() const { return type_; }
 };
 
 // An integer format specifier.
@@ -1800,24 +2015,69 @@ class ArgMap {
   MapType map_;
 
  public:
-  FMT_API void init(const ArgList &args);
+  void init(const ArgList &args);
 
-  const internal::Arg* find(const fmt::BasicStringRef<Char> &name) const {
+  const internal::Arg *find(const fmt::BasicStringRef<Char> &name) const {
     // The list is unsorted, so just return the first matching name.
     for (typename MapType::const_iterator it = map_.begin(), end = map_.end();
          it != end; ++it) {
       if (it->first == name)
         return &it->second;
     }
-    return 0;
+    return FMT_NULL;
   }
 };
 
-template <typename Impl, typename Char>
+template <typename Char>
+void ArgMap<Char>::init(const ArgList &args) {
+  if (!map_.empty())
+    return;
+  typedef internal::NamedArg<Char> NamedArg;
+  const NamedArg *named_arg = FMT_NULL;
+  bool use_values =
+      args.type(ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS - 1) == internal::Arg::NONE;
+  if (use_values) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
+      internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
+      switch (arg_type) {
+      case internal::Arg::NONE:
+        return;
+      case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
+        named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.values_[i].pointer);
+        map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
+        break;
+      default:
+        /*nothing*/;
+      }
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i != ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS; ++i) {
+    internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
+    if (arg_type == internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG) {
+      named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
+      map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
+    }
+  }
+  for (unsigned i = ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
+    switch (args.args_[i].type) {
+    case internal::Arg::NONE:
+      return;
+    case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
+      named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
+      map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
+      break;
+    default:
+      /*nothing*/;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Impl, typename Char, typename Spec = fmt::FormatSpec>
 class ArgFormatterBase : public ArgVisitor<Impl, void> {
  private:
   BasicWriter<Char> &writer_;
-  FormatSpec &spec_;
+  Spec &spec_;
 
   FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArgFormatterBase);
 
@@ -1827,9 +2087,12 @@ class ArgFormatterBase : public ArgVisitor<Impl, void> {
     writer_.write_int(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p), spec_);
   }
 
+  // workaround MSVC two-phase lookup issue
+  typedef internal::Arg Arg;
+
  protected:
   BasicWriter<Char> &writer() { return writer_; }
-  FormatSpec &spec() { return spec_; }
+  Spec &spec() { return spec_; }
 
   void write(bool value) {
     const char *str_value = value ? "true" : "false";
@@ -1838,12 +2101,14 @@ class ArgFormatterBase : public ArgVisitor<Impl, void> {
   }
 
   void write(const char *value) {
-    Arg::StringValue<char> str = {value, value != 0 ? std::strlen(value) : 0};
+    Arg::StringValue<char> str = {value, value ? std::strlen(value) : 0};
     writer_.write_str(str, spec_);
   }
 
  public:
-  ArgFormatterBase(BasicWriter<Char> &w, FormatSpec &s)
+  typedef Spec SpecType;
+
+  ArgFormatterBase(BasicWriter<Char> &w, Spec &s)
   : writer_(w), spec_(s) {}
 
   template <typename T>
@@ -1853,8 +2118,10 @@ class ArgFormatterBase : public ArgVisitor<Impl, void> {
   void visit_any_double(T value) { writer_.write_double(value, spec_); }
 
   void visit_bool(bool value) {
-    if (spec_.type_)
-      return visit_any_int(value);
+    if (spec_.type_) {
+      visit_any_int(value);
+      return;
+    }
     write(value);
   }
 
@@ -1894,13 +2161,14 @@ class ArgFormatterBase : public ArgVisitor<Impl, void> {
     write(value);
   }
 
-  void visit_string(Arg::StringValue<char> value) {
+  // Qualification with "internal" here and below is a workaround for nvcc.
+  void visit_string(internal::Arg::StringValue<char> value) {
     writer_.write_str(value, spec_);
   }
 
   using ArgVisitor<Impl, void>::visit_wstring;
 
-  void visit_wstring(Arg::StringValue<Char> value) {
+  void visit_wstring(internal::Arg::StringValue<Char> value) {
     writer_.write_str(value, spec_);
   }
 
@@ -1956,26 +2224,6 @@ class FormatterBase {
       w << BasicStringRef<Char>(start, internal::to_unsigned(end - start));
   }
 };
-
-// A printf formatter.
-template <typename Char>
-class PrintfFormatter : private FormatterBase {
- private:
-  void parse_flags(FormatSpec &spec, const Char *&s);
-
-  // Returns the argument with specified index or, if arg_index is equal
-  // to the maximum unsigned value, the next argument.
-  Arg get_arg(const Char *s,
-      unsigned arg_index = (std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max)());
-
-  // Parses argument index, flags and width and returns the argument index.
-  unsigned parse_header(const Char *&s, FormatSpec &spec);
-
- public:
-  explicit PrintfFormatter(const ArgList &args) : FormatterBase(args) {}
-  FMT_API void format(BasicWriter<Char> &writer,
-                      BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str);
-};
 }  // namespace internal
 
 /**
@@ -1995,8 +2243,8 @@ class PrintfFormatter : private FormatterBase {
   will be called.
   \endrst
  */
-template <typename Impl, typename Char>
-class BasicArgFormatter : public internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char> {
+template <typename Impl, typename Char, typename Spec = fmt::FormatSpec>
+class BasicArgFormatter : public internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char, Spec> {
  private:
   BasicFormatter<Char, Impl> &formatter_;
   const Char *format_;
@@ -2011,11 +2259,11 @@ class BasicArgFormatter : public internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char> {
     \endrst
    */
   BasicArgFormatter(BasicFormatter<Char, Impl> &formatter,
-                    FormatSpec &spec, const Char *fmt)
-  : internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char>(formatter.writer(), spec),
+                    Spec &spec, const Char *fmt)
+  : internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char, Spec>(formatter.writer(), spec),
     formatter_(formatter), format_(fmt) {}
 
-  /** Formats argument of a custom (user-defined) type. */
+  /** Formats an argument of a custom (user-defined) type. */
   void visit_custom(internal::Arg::CustomValue c) {
     c.format(&formatter_, c.value, &format_);
   }
@@ -2023,12 +2271,14 @@ class BasicArgFormatter : public internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char> {
 
 /** The default argument formatter. */
 template <typename Char>
-class ArgFormatter : public BasicArgFormatter<ArgFormatter<Char>, Char> {
+class ArgFormatter :
+    public BasicArgFormatter<ArgFormatter<Char>, Char, FormatSpec> {
  public:
   /** Constructs an argument formatter object. */
   ArgFormatter(BasicFormatter<Char> &formatter,
                FormatSpec &spec, const Char *fmt)
-  : BasicArgFormatter<ArgFormatter<Char>, Char>(formatter, spec, fmt) {}
+  : BasicArgFormatter<ArgFormatter<Char>,
+                      Char, FormatSpec>(formatter, spec, fmt) {}
 };
 
 /** This template formats data and writes the output to a writer. */
@@ -2104,12 +2354,13 @@ inline uint64_t make_type(const T &arg) {
   return MakeValue< BasicFormatter<char> >::type(arg);
 }
 
-template <unsigned N, bool/*IsPacked*/= (N < ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS)>
+template <std::size_t N, bool/*IsPacked*/= (N < ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS)>
 struct ArgArray;
 
-template <unsigned N>
+template <std::size_t N>
 struct ArgArray<N, true/*IsPacked*/> {
-  typedef Value Type[N > 0 ? N : 1];
+  // '+' is used to silence GCC -Wduplicated-branches warning.
+  typedef Value Type[N > 0 ? N : +1];
 
   template <typename Formatter, typename T>
   static Value make(const T &value) {
@@ -2125,7 +2376,7 @@ struct ArgArray<N, true/*IsPacked*/> {
   }
 };
 
-template <unsigned N>
+template <std::size_t N>
 struct ArgArray<N, false/*IsPacked*/> {
   typedef Arg Type[N + 1]; // +1 for the list end Arg::NONE
 
@@ -2265,7 +2516,7 @@ inline uint64_t make_type(FMT_GEN15(FMT_ARG_TYPE_DEFAULT)) {
 */
 class SystemError : public internal::RuntimeError {
  private:
-  void init(int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args);
+  FMT_API void init(int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args);
 
  protected:
   int error_code_;
@@ -2277,17 +2528,10 @@ class SystemError : public internal::RuntimeError {
  public:
   /**
    \rst
-   Constructs a :class:`fmt::SystemError` object with the description
-   of the form
-
-   .. parsed-literal::
-     *<message>*: *<system-message>*
-
-   where *<message>* is the formatted message and *<system-message>* is
-   the system message corresponding to the error code.
-   *error_code* is a system error code as given by ``errno``.
-   If *error_code* is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
-   may look like "Unknown error -1" and is platform-dependent.
+   Constructs a :class:`fmt::SystemError` object with a description
+   formatted with `fmt::format_system_error`. *message* and additional
+   arguments passed into the constructor are formatted similarly to
+   `fmt::format`.
 
    **Example**::
 
@@ -2303,15 +2547,35 @@ class SystemError : public internal::RuntimeError {
   SystemError(int error_code, CStringRef message) {
     init(error_code, message, ArgList());
   }
+  FMT_DEFAULTED_COPY_CTOR(SystemError)
   FMT_VARIADIC_CTOR(SystemError, init, int, CStringRef)
 
-  ~SystemError() throw();
+  FMT_API ~SystemError() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_OVERRIDE;
 
   int error_code() const { return error_code_; }
 };
 
 /**
   \rst
+  Formats an error returned by an operating system or a language runtime,
+  for example a file opening error, and writes it to *out* in the following
+  form:
+
+  .. parsed-literal::
+     *<message>*: *<system-message>*
+
+  where *<message>* is the passed message and *<system-message>* is
+  the system message corresponding to the error code.
+  *error_code* is a system error code as given by ``errno``.
+  If *error_code* is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
+  may look like "Unknown error -1" and is platform-dependent.
+  \endrst
+ */
+FMT_API void format_system_error(fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
+                                 fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+/**
+  \rst
   This template provides operations for formatting and writing data into
   a character stream. The output is stored in a buffer provided by a subclass
   such as :class:`fmt::BasicMemoryWriter`.
@@ -2398,16 +2662,16 @@ class BasicWriter {
   void write_int(T value, Spec spec);
 
   // Formats a floating-point number (double or long double).
-  template <typename T>
-  void write_double(T value, const FormatSpec &spec);
+  template <typename T, typename Spec>
+  void write_double(T value, const Spec &spec);
 
   // Writes a formatted string.
   template <typename StrChar>
   CharPtr write_str(const StrChar *s, std::size_t size, const AlignSpec &spec);
 
-  template <typename StrChar>
+  template <typename StrChar, typename Spec>
   void write_str(const internal::Arg::StringValue<StrChar> &str,
-                 const FormatSpec &spec);
+                 const Spec &spec);
 
   // This following methods are private to disallow writing wide characters
   // and strings to a char stream. If you want to print a wide string as a
@@ -2426,10 +2690,11 @@ class BasicWriter {
   template<typename T>
   void append_float_length(Char *&, T) {}
 
-  template <typename Impl, typename Char_>
+  template <typename Impl, typename Char_, typename Spec_>
   friend class internal::ArgFormatterBase;
 
-  friend class internal::PrintfArgFormatter<Char>;
+  template <typename Impl, typename Char_, typename Spec_>
+  friend class BasicPrintfArgFormatter;
 
  protected:
   /**
@@ -2625,9 +2890,9 @@ typename BasicWriter<Char>::CharPtr BasicWriter<Char>::write_str(
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-template <typename StrChar>
+template <typename StrChar, typename Spec>
 void BasicWriter<Char>::write_str(
-    const internal::Arg::StringValue<StrChar> &s, const FormatSpec &spec) {
+    const internal::Arg::StringValue<StrChar> &s, const Spec &spec) {
   // Check if StrChar is convertible to Char.
   internal::CharTraits<Char>::convert(StrChar());
   if (spec.type_ && spec.type_ != 's')
@@ -2751,7 +3016,7 @@ void BasicWriter<Char>::write_int(T value, Spec spec) {
     UnsignedType n = abs_value;
     if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG)) {
       prefix[prefix_size++] = '0';
-      prefix[prefix_size++] = spec.type();
+      prefix[prefix_size++] = spec.type_prefix();
     }
     unsigned num_digits = 0;
     do {
@@ -2771,7 +3036,7 @@ void BasicWriter<Char>::write_int(T value, Spec spec) {
     UnsignedType n = abs_value;
     if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG)) {
       prefix[prefix_size++] = '0';
-      prefix[prefix_size++] = spec.type();
+      prefix[prefix_size++] = spec.type_prefix();
     }
     unsigned num_digits = 0;
     do {
@@ -2802,7 +3067,7 @@ void BasicWriter<Char>::write_int(T value, Spec spec) {
   case 'n': {
     unsigned num_digits = internal::count_digits(abs_value);
     fmt::StringRef sep = "";
-#ifndef ANDROID
+#if !(defined(ANDROID) || defined(__ANDROID__))
     sep = internal::thousands_sep(std::localeconv());
 #endif
     unsigned size = static_cast<unsigned>(
@@ -2819,8 +3084,8 @@ void BasicWriter<Char>::write_int(T value, Spec spec) {
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-template <typename T>
-void BasicWriter<Char>::write_double(T value, const FormatSpec &spec) {
+template <typename T, typename Spec>
+void BasicWriter<Char>::write_double(T value, const Spec &spec) {
   // Check type.
   char type = spec.type();
   bool upper = false;
@@ -2921,7 +3186,7 @@ void BasicWriter<Char>::write_double(T value, const FormatSpec &spec) {
   // Format using snprintf.
   Char fill = internal::CharTraits<Char>::cast(spec.fill());
   unsigned n = 0;
-  Char *start = 0;
+  Char *start = FMT_NULL;
   for (;;) {
     std::size_t buffer_size = buffer_.capacity() - offset;
 #if FMT_MSC_VER
@@ -3198,56 +3463,6 @@ FMT_API void print(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args);
  */
 FMT_API void print(CStringRef format_str, ArgList args);
 
-template <typename Char>
-void printf(BasicWriter<Char> &w, BasicCStringRef<Char> format, ArgList args) {
-  internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>(args).format(w, format);
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Formats arguments and returns the result as a string.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    std::string message = fmt::sprintf("The answer is %d", 42);
-  \endrst
-*/
-inline std::string sprintf(CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  printf(w, format, args);
-  return w.str();
-}
-
-inline std::wstring sprintf(WCStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  WMemoryWriter w;
-  printf(w, format, args);
-  return w.str();
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Prints formatted data to the file *f*.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fmt::fprintf(stderr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
-  \endrst
- */
-FMT_API int fprintf(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format, ArgList args);
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Prints formatted data to ``stdout``.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
-  \endrst
- */
-inline int printf(CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  return fprintf(stdout, format, args);
-}
-
 /**
   Fast integer formatter.
  */
@@ -3364,13 +3579,13 @@ inline void format_decimal(char *&buffer, T value) {
   \endrst
  */
 template <typename T>
-inline internal::NamedArg<char> arg(StringRef name, const T &arg) {
-  return internal::NamedArg<char>(name, arg);
+inline internal::NamedArgWithType<char, T> arg(StringRef name, const T &arg) {
+  return internal::NamedArgWithType<char, T>(name, arg);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-inline internal::NamedArg<wchar_t> arg(WStringRef name, const T &arg) {
-  return internal::NamedArg<wchar_t>(name, arg);
+inline internal::NamedArgWithType<wchar_t, T> arg(WStringRef name, const T &arg) {
+  return internal::NamedArgWithType<wchar_t, T>(name, arg);
 }
 
 // The following two functions are deleted intentionally to disable
@@ -3399,7 +3614,6 @@ void arg(WStringRef, const internal::NamedArg<Char>&) FMT_DELETED_OR_UNDEFINED;
 #define FMT_ARG_N(_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, N, ...) N
 #define FMT_RSEQ_N() 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0
 
-#define FMT_CONCAT(a, b) a##b
 #define FMT_FOR_EACH_(N, f, ...) \
   FMT_EXPAND(FMT_CONCAT(FMT_FOR_EACH, N)(f, __VA_ARGS__))
 #define FMT_FOR_EACH(f, ...) \
@@ -3513,12 +3727,7 @@ FMT_VARIADIC(std::string, format, CStringRef)
 FMT_VARIADIC_W(std::wstring, format, WCStringRef)
 FMT_VARIADIC(void, print, CStringRef)
 FMT_VARIADIC(void, print, std::FILE *, CStringRef)
-
 FMT_VARIADIC(void, print_colored, Color, CStringRef)
-FMT_VARIADIC(std::string, sprintf, CStringRef)
-FMT_VARIADIC_W(std::wstring, sprintf, WCStringRef)
-FMT_VARIADIC(int, printf, CStringRef)
-FMT_VARIADIC(int, fprintf, std::FILE *, CStringRef)
 
 namespace internal {
 template <typename Char>
@@ -3583,7 +3792,7 @@ inline internal::Arg BasicFormatter<Char, AF>::get_arg(
 
 template <typename Char, typename AF>
 inline internal::Arg BasicFormatter<Char, AF>::parse_arg_index(const Char *&s) {
-  const char *error = 0;
+  const char *error = FMT_NULL;
   internal::Arg arg = *s < '0' || *s > '9' ?
         next_arg(error) : get_arg(internal::parse_nonnegative_int(s), error);
   if (error) {
@@ -3601,7 +3810,7 @@ inline internal::Arg BasicFormatter<Char, AF>::parse_arg_name(const Char *&s) {
   do {
     c = *++s;
   } while (internal::is_name_start(c) || ('0' <= c && c <= '9'));
-  const char *error = 0;
+  const char *error = FMT_NULL;
   internal::Arg arg = get_arg(BasicStringRef<Char>(start, s - start), error);
   if (error)
     FMT_THROW(FormatError(error));
@@ -3613,7 +3822,7 @@ const Char *BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter>::format(
     const Char *&format_str, const internal::Arg &arg) {
   using internal::Arg;
   const Char *s = format_str;
-  FormatSpec spec;
+  typename ArgFormatter::SpecType spec;
   if (*s == ':') {
     if (arg.type == Arg::CUSTOM) {
       arg.custom.format(this, arg.custom.value, &s);
@@ -3799,6 +4008,66 @@ void BasicFormatter<Char, AF>::format(BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str) {
   }
   write(writer_, start, s);
 }
+
+template <typename Char, typename It>
+struct ArgJoin {
+  It first;
+  It last;
+  BasicCStringRef<Char> sep;
+
+  ArgJoin(It first, It last, const BasicCStringRef<Char>& sep) :
+    first(first),
+    last(last),
+    sep(sep) {}
+};
+
+template <typename It>
+ArgJoin<char, It> join(It first, It last, const BasicCStringRef<char>& sep) {
+  return ArgJoin<char, It>(first, last, sep);
+}
+
+template <typename It>
+ArgJoin<wchar_t, It> join(It first, It last, const BasicCStringRef<wchar_t>& sep) {
+  return ArgJoin<wchar_t, It>(first, last, sep);
+}
+
+#if FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11
+template <typename Range>
+auto join(const Range& range, const BasicCStringRef<char>& sep)
+    -> ArgJoin<char, decltype(std::begin(range))> {
+  return join(std::begin(range), std::end(range), sep);
+}
+
+template <typename Range>
+auto join(const Range& range, const BasicCStringRef<wchar_t>& sep)
+    -> ArgJoin<wchar_t, decltype(std::begin(range))> {
+  return join(std::begin(range), std::end(range), sep);
+}
+#endif
+
+template <typename ArgFormatter, typename Char, typename It>
+void format_arg(fmt::BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter> &f,
+    const Char *&format_str, const ArgJoin<Char, It>& e) {
+  const Char* end = format_str;
+  if (*end == ':')
+    ++end;
+  while (*end && *end != '}')
+    ++end;
+  if (*end != '}')
+    FMT_THROW(FormatError("missing '}' in format string"));
+
+  It it = e.first;
+  if (it != e.last) {
+    const Char* save = format_str;
+    f.format(format_str, internal::MakeArg<fmt::BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter> >(*it++));
+    while (it != e.last) {
+      f.writer().write(e.sep);
+      format_str = save;
+      f.format(format_str, internal::MakeArg<fmt::BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter> >(*it++));
+    }
+  }
+  format_str = end + 1;
+}
 }  // namespace fmt
 
 #if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
@@ -3821,7 +4090,7 @@ struct UdlArg {
   const Char *str;
 
   template <typename T>
-  NamedArg<Char> operator=(T &&value) const {
+  NamedArgWithType<Char, T> operator=(T &&value) const {
     return {str, std::forward<T>(value)};
   }
 };
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.cc b/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.cc
index bcb67fe1577..2d443f73054 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.cc
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.cc
@@ -11,9 +11,8 @@
 
 namespace fmt {
 
-namespace {
-// Write the content of w to os.
-void write(std::ostream &os, Writer &w) {
+namespace internal {
+FMT_FUNC void write(std::ostream &os, Writer &w) {
   const char *data = w.data();
   typedef internal::MakeUnsigned<std::streamsize>::Type UnsignedStreamSize;
   UnsignedStreamSize size = w.size();
@@ -31,13 +30,6 @@ void write(std::ostream &os, Writer &w) {
 FMT_FUNC void print(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
   MemoryWriter w;
   w.write(format_str, args);
-  write(os, w);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC int fprintf(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
-  MemoryWriter w;
-  printf(w, format, args);
-  write(os, w);
-  return static_cast<int>(w.size());
+  internal::write(os, w);
 }
 }  // namespace fmt
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.h
index 29483c1bcbd..6848aac28c2 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.h
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/ostream.h
@@ -24,28 +24,27 @@ class FormatBuf : public std::basic_streambuf<Char> {
   typedef typename std::basic_streambuf<Char>::traits_type traits_type;
 
   Buffer<Char> &buffer_;
-  Char *start_;
 
  public:
-  FormatBuf(Buffer<Char> &buffer) : buffer_(buffer), start_(&buffer[0]) {
-    this->setp(start_, start_ + buffer_.capacity());
-  }
-
-  int_type overflow(int_type ch = traits_type::eof()) {
-    if (!traits_type::eq_int_type(ch, traits_type::eof())) {
-      size_t buf_size = size();
-      buffer_.resize(buf_size);
-      buffer_.reserve(buf_size * 2);
-
-      start_ = &buffer_[0];
-      start_[buf_size] = traits_type::to_char_type(ch);
-      this->setp(start_+ buf_size + 1, start_ + buf_size * 2);
-    }
+  FormatBuf(Buffer<Char> &buffer) : buffer_(buffer) {}
+
+ protected:
+  // The put-area is actually always empty. This makes the implementation
+  // simpler and has the advantage that the streambuf and the buffer are always
+  // in sync and sputc never writes into uninitialized memory. The obvious
+  // disadvantage is that each call to sputc always results in a (virtual) call
+  // to overflow. There is no disadvantage here for sputn since this always
+  // results in a call to xsputn.
+
+  int_type overflow(int_type ch = traits_type::eof()) FMT_OVERRIDE {
+    if (!traits_type::eq_int_type(ch, traits_type::eof()))
+      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<Char>(ch));
     return ch;
   }
 
-  size_t size() const {
-    return to_unsigned(this->pptr() - start_);
+  std::streamsize xsputn(const Char *s, std::streamsize count) FMT_OVERRIDE {
+    buffer_.append(s, s + count);
+    return count;
   }
 };
 
@@ -53,32 +52,38 @@ Yes &convert(std::ostream &);
 
 struct DummyStream : std::ostream {
   DummyStream();  // Suppress a bogus warning in MSVC.
+
   // Hide all operator<< overloads from std::ostream.
-  void operator<<(Null<>);
+  template <typename T>
+  typename EnableIf<sizeof(T) == 0>::type operator<<(const T &);
 };
 
 No &operator<<(std::ostream &, int);
 
-template<typename T>
+template <typename T>
 struct ConvertToIntImpl<T, true> {
   // Convert to int only if T doesn't have an overloaded operator<<.
   enum {
     value = sizeof(convert(get<DummyStream>() << get<T>())) == sizeof(No)
   };
 };
+
+// Write the content of w to os.
+FMT_API void write(std::ostream &os, Writer &w);
 }  // namespace internal
 
 // Formats a value.
-template <typename Char, typename ArgFormatter, typename T>
-void format(BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter> &f,
-            const Char *&format_str, const T &value) {
+template <typename Char, typename ArgFormatter_, typename T>
+void format_arg(BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter_> &f,
+                const Char *&format_str, const T &value) {
   internal::MemoryBuffer<Char, internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
 
   internal::FormatBuf<Char> format_buf(buffer);
   std::basic_ostream<Char> output(&format_buf);
+  output.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit | std::ios_base::badbit);
   output << value;
 
-  BasicStringRef<Char> str(&buffer[0], format_buf.size());
+  BasicStringRef<Char> str(&buffer[0], buffer.size());
   typedef internal::MakeArg< BasicFormatter<Char> > MakeArg;
   format_str = f.format(format_str, MakeArg(str));
 }
@@ -94,18 +99,6 @@ void format(BasicFormatter<Char, ArgFormatter> &f,
  */
 FMT_API void print(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args);
 FMT_VARIADIC(void, print, std::ostream &, CStringRef)
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Prints formatted data to the stream *os*.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fprintf(cerr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
-  \endrst
- */
-FMT_API int fprintf(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args);
-FMT_VARIADIC(int, fprintf, std::ostream &, CStringRef)
 }  // namespace fmt
 
 #ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.cc b/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.cc
index 76eb7f05eb8..356668c135a 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.cc
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.cc
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 #ifndef _WIN32
 # include <unistd.h>
 #else
+# ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# endif
 # include <windows.h>
 # include <io.h>
 
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ void fmt::BufferedFile::close() {
   if (!file_)
     return;
   int result = FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_));
-  file_ = 0;
+  file_ = FMT_NULL;
   if (result != 0)
     FMT_THROW(SystemError(errno, "cannot close file"));
 }
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.h
index be1286c425d..88512de5502 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.h
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/posix.h
@@ -51,25 +51,6 @@
 # endif
 #endif
 
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 407
-# define FMT_UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
-#else
-# define FMT_UNUSED
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT
-# define FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT 0
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_static_assert) || \
-  (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 403 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || _MSC_VER >= 1600
-# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) static_assert(cond, message)
-#else
-# define FMT_CONCAT_(a, b) FMT_CONCAT(a, b)
-# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) \
-  typedef int FMT_CONCAT_(Assert, __LINE__)[(cond) ? 1 : -1] FMT_UNUSED
-#endif
-
 // Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
 // equals to EINTR.
 #ifndef _WIN32
@@ -107,10 +88,10 @@ class BufferedFile {
 
  public:
   // Constructs a BufferedFile object which doesn't represent any file.
-  BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(0) {}
+  BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(FMT_NULL) {}
 
   // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
-  ~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+  FMT_API ~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
 
 #if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
   // Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
@@ -129,7 +110,7 @@ public:
 
   // A "move constructor" for moving from an lvalue.
   BufferedFile(BufferedFile &f) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(f.file_) {
-    f.file_ = 0;
+    f.file_ = FMT_NULL;
   }
 
   // A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
@@ -143,7 +124,7 @@ public:
   BufferedFile &operator=(BufferedFile &other) {
     close();
     file_ = other.file_;
-    other.file_ = 0;
+    other.file_ = FMT_NULL;
     return *this;
   }
 
@@ -151,7 +132,7 @@ public:
   //   BufferedFile file = BufferedFile(...);
   operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
     Proxy p = {file_};
-    file_ = 0;
+    file_ = FMT_NULL;
     return p;
   }
 
@@ -161,29 +142,29 @@ public:
 
  public:
   BufferedFile(BufferedFile &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(other.file_) {
-    other.file_ = 0;
+    other.file_ = FMT_NULL;
   }
 
   BufferedFile& operator=(BufferedFile &&other) {
     close();
     file_ = other.file_;
-    other.file_ = 0;
+    other.file_ = FMT_NULL;
     return *this;
   }
 #endif
 
   // Opens a file.
-  BufferedFile(CStringRef filename, CStringRef mode);
+  FMT_API BufferedFile(CStringRef filename, CStringRef mode);
 
   // Closes the file.
-  void close();
+  FMT_API void close();
 
   // Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
   FILE *get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return file_; }
 
   // We place parentheses around fileno to workaround a bug in some versions
   // of MinGW that define fileno as a macro.
-  int (fileno)() const;
+  FMT_API int (fileno)() const;
 
   void print(CStringRef format_str, const ArgList &args) {
     fmt::print(file_, format_str, args);
@@ -216,7 +197,7 @@ class File {
   File() FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(-1) {}
 
   // Opens a file and constructs a File object representing this file.
-  File(CStringRef path, int oflag);
+  FMT_API File(CStringRef path, int oflag);
 
 #if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
   // Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
@@ -279,43 +260,43 @@ class File {
 #endif
 
   // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
-  ~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+  FMT_API ~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
 
   // Returns the file descriptor.
   int descriptor() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return fd_; }
 
   // Closes the file.
-  void close();
+  FMT_API void close();
 
   // Returns the file size. The size has signed type for consistency with
   // stat::st_size.
-  LongLong size() const;
+  FMT_API LongLong size() const;
 
   // Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
-  std::size_t read(void *buffer, std::size_t count);
+  FMT_API std::size_t read(void *buffer, std::size_t count);
 
   // Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
-  std::size_t write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count);
+  FMT_API std::size_t write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count);
 
   // Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
   // the duplicate as a file object.
-  static File dup(int fd);
+  FMT_API static File dup(int fd);
 
   // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
   // necessary.
-  void dup2(int fd);
+  FMT_API void dup2(int fd);
 
   // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
   // necessary.
-  void dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+  FMT_API void dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
 
   // Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
   // and writing respectively.
-  static void pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end);
+  FMT_API static void pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end);
 
   // Creates a BufferedFile object associated with this file and detaches
   // this File object from the file.
-  BufferedFile fdopen(const char *mode);
+  FMT_API BufferedFile fdopen(const char *mode);
 };
 
 // Returns the memory page size.
@@ -355,7 +336,7 @@ class Locale {
  public:
   typedef locale_t Type;
 
-  Locale() : locale_(newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C", NULL)) {
+  Locale() : locale_(newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C", FMT_NULL)) {
     if (!locale_)
       FMT_THROW(fmt::SystemError(errno, "cannot create locale"));
   }
@@ -366,7 +347,7 @@ class Locale {
   // Converts string to floating-point number and advances str past the end
   // of the parsed input.
   double strtod(const char *&str) const {
-    char *end = 0;
+    char *end = FMT_NULL;
     double result = strtod_l(str, &end, locale_);
     str = end;
     return result;
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/printf.cc b/dep/fmt/fmt/printf.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95d7a36ab67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/printf.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ Formatting library for C++
+
+ Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ For the license information refer to format.h.
+ */
+
+#include "format.h"
+#include "printf.h"
+
+namespace fmt {
+
+template <typename Char>
+void printf(BasicWriter<Char> &w, BasicCStringRef<Char> format, ArgList args);
+
+FMT_FUNC int fprintf(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+  MemoryWriter w;
+  printf(w, format, args);
+  std::size_t size = w.size();
+  return std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, size, f) < size ? -1 : static_cast<int>(size);
+}
+
+#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+
+template void PrintfFormatter<char>::format(CStringRef format);
+template void PrintfFormatter<wchar_t>::format(WCStringRef format);
+
+#endif  // FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+
+}  // namespace fmt
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/printf.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/printf.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..db91022c598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/printf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,603 @@
+/*
+ Formatting library for C++
+
+ Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ For the license information refer to format.h.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FMT_PRINTF_H_
+#define FMT_PRINTF_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>  // std::fill_n
+#include <limits>     // std::numeric_limits
+
+#include "ostream.h"
+
+namespace fmt {
+namespace internal {
+
+// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
+// signed and unsigned integers.
+template <bool IsSigned>
+struct IntChecker {
+  template <typename T>
+  static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
+    unsigned max = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+    return value <= max;
+  }
+  static bool fits_in_int(bool) { return true; }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct IntChecker<true> {
+  template <typename T>
+  static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
+    return value >= std::numeric_limits<int>::min() &&
+           value <= std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+  }
+  static bool fits_in_int(int) { return true; }
+};
+
+class PrecisionHandler : public ArgVisitor<PrecisionHandler, int> {
+ public:
+  void report_unhandled_arg() {
+    FMT_THROW(FormatError("precision is not integer"));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  int visit_any_int(T value) {
+    if (!IntChecker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
+      FMT_THROW(FormatError("number is too big"));
+    return static_cast<int>(value);
+  }
+};
+
+// IsZeroInt::visit(arg) returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
+class IsZeroInt : public ArgVisitor<IsZeroInt, bool> {
+ public:
+  template <typename T>
+  bool visit_any_int(T value) { return value == 0; }
+};
+
+// returns the default type for format specific "%s"
+class DefaultType : public ArgVisitor<DefaultType, char> {
+ public:
+  char visit_char(int) { return 'c'; }
+
+  char visit_bool(bool) { return 's'; }
+
+  char visit_pointer(const void *) { return 'p'; }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  char visit_any_int(T) { return 'd'; }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  char visit_any_double(T) { return 'g'; }
+
+  char visit_unhandled_arg() { return 's'; }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct is_same {
+  enum { value = 0 };
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct is_same<T, T> {
+  enum { value = 1 };
+};
+
+// An argument visitor that converts an integer argument to T for printf,
+// if T is an integral type. If T is void, the argument is converted to
+// corresponding signed or unsigned type depending on the type specifier:
+// 'd' and 'i' - signed, other - unsigned)
+template <typename T = void>
+class ArgConverter : public ArgVisitor<ArgConverter<T>, void> {
+ private:
+  internal::Arg &arg_;
+  wchar_t type_;
+
+  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArgConverter);
+
+ public:
+  ArgConverter(internal::Arg &arg, wchar_t type)
+    : arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
+
+  void visit_bool(bool value) {
+    if (type_ != 's')
+      visit_any_int(value);
+  }
+
+  void visit_char(int value) {
+    if (type_ != 's')
+      visit_any_int(value);
+  }
+
+  template <typename U>
+  void visit_any_int(U value) {
+    bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
+    if (type_ == 's') {
+      is_signed = std::numeric_limits<U>::is_signed;
+    }
+
+    using internal::Arg;
+    typedef typename internal::Conditional<
+        is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>::type TargetType;
+    if (sizeof(TargetType) <= sizeof(int)) {
+      // Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
+      if (is_signed) {
+        arg_.type = Arg::INT;
+        arg_.int_value = static_cast<int>(static_cast<TargetType>(value));
+      } else {
+        arg_.type = Arg::UINT;
+        typedef typename internal::MakeUnsigned<TargetType>::Type Unsigned;
+        arg_.uint_value = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<Unsigned>(value));
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (is_signed) {
+        arg_.type = Arg::LONG_LONG;
+        // glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
+        //   std::printf("%lld", -42);  // prints "4294967254"
+        // but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
+        arg_.long_long_value = static_cast<LongLong>(value);
+      } else {
+        arg_.type = Arg::ULONG_LONG;
+        arg_.ulong_long_value =
+            static_cast<typename internal::MakeUnsigned<U>::Type>(value);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
+class CharConverter : public ArgVisitor<CharConverter, void> {
+ private:
+  internal::Arg &arg_;
+
+  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CharConverter);
+
+ public:
+  explicit CharConverter(internal::Arg &arg) : arg_(arg) {}
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void visit_any_int(T value) {
+    arg_.type = internal::Arg::CHAR;
+    arg_.int_value = static_cast<char>(value);
+  }
+};
+
+// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
+// left alignment if it is negative.
+class WidthHandler : public ArgVisitor<WidthHandler, unsigned> {
+ private:
+  FormatSpec &spec_;
+
+  FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(WidthHandler);
+
+ public:
+  explicit WidthHandler(FormatSpec &spec) : spec_(spec) {}
+
+  void report_unhandled_arg() {
+    FMT_THROW(FormatError("width is not integer"));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  unsigned visit_any_int(T value) {
+    typedef typename internal::IntTraits<T>::MainType UnsignedType;
+    UnsignedType width = static_cast<UnsignedType>(value);
+    if (internal::is_negative(value)) {
+      spec_.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
+      width = 0 - width;
+    }
+    unsigned int_max = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+    if (width > int_max)
+      FMT_THROW(FormatError("number is too big"));
+    return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace internal
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  A ``printf`` argument formatter based on the `curiously recurring template
+  pattern <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curiously_recurring_template_pattern>`_.
+
+  To use `~fmt::BasicPrintfArgFormatter` define a subclass that implements some
+  or all of the visit methods with the same signatures as the methods in
+  `~fmt::ArgVisitor`, for example, `~fmt::ArgVisitor::visit_int()`.
+  Pass the subclass as the *Impl* template parameter. When a formatting
+  function processes an argument, it will dispatch to a visit method
+  specific to the argument type. For example, if the argument type is
+  ``double`` then the `~fmt::ArgVisitor::visit_double()` method of a subclass
+  will be called. If the subclass doesn't contain a method with this signature,
+  then a corresponding method of `~fmt::BasicPrintfArgFormatter` or its
+  superclass will be called.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <typename Impl, typename Char, typename Spec>
+class BasicPrintfArgFormatter :
+    public internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char, Spec> {
+ private:
+  void write_null_pointer() {
+    this->spec().type_ = 0;
+    this->write("(nil)");
+  }
+
+  typedef internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char, Spec> Base;
+
+ public:
+  /**
+    \rst
+    Constructs an argument formatter object.
+    *writer* is a reference to the output writer and *spec* contains format
+    specifier information for standard argument types.
+    \endrst
+   */
+  BasicPrintfArgFormatter(BasicWriter<Char> &w, Spec &s)
+  : internal::ArgFormatterBase<Impl, Char, Spec>(w, s) {}
+
+  /** Formats an argument of type ``bool``. */
+  void visit_bool(bool value) {
+    Spec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
+    if (fmt_spec.type_ != 's')
+      return this->visit_any_int(value);
+    fmt_spec.type_ = 0;
+    this->write(value);
+  }
+
+  /** Formats a character. */
+  void visit_char(int value) {
+    const Spec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
+    BasicWriter<Char> &w = this->writer();
+    if (fmt_spec.type_ && fmt_spec.type_ != 'c')
+      w.write_int(value, fmt_spec);
+    typedef typename BasicWriter<Char>::CharPtr CharPtr;
+    CharPtr out = CharPtr();
+    if (fmt_spec.width_ > 1) {
+      Char fill = ' ';
+      out = w.grow_buffer(fmt_spec.width_);
+      if (fmt_spec.align_ != ALIGN_LEFT) {
+        std::fill_n(out, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
+        out += fmt_spec.width_ - 1;
+      } else {
+        std::fill_n(out + 1, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
+      }
+    } else {
+      out = w.grow_buffer(1);
+    }
+    *out = static_cast<Char>(value);
+  }
+
+  /** Formats a null-terminated C string. */
+  void visit_cstring(const char *value) {
+    if (value)
+      Base::visit_cstring(value);
+    else if (this->spec().type_ == 'p')
+      write_null_pointer();
+    else
+      this->write("(null)");
+  }
+
+  /** Formats a pointer. */
+  void visit_pointer(const void *value) {
+    if (value)
+      return Base::visit_pointer(value);
+    this->spec().type_ = 0;
+    write_null_pointer();
+  }
+
+  /** Formats an argument of a custom (user-defined) type. */
+  void visit_custom(internal::Arg::CustomValue c) {
+    BasicFormatter<Char> formatter(ArgList(), this->writer());
+    const Char format_str[] = {'}', 0};
+    const Char *format = format_str;
+    c.format(&formatter, c.value, &format);
+  }
+};
+
+/** The default printf argument formatter. */
+template <typename Char>
+class PrintfArgFormatter :
+    public BasicPrintfArgFormatter<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char, FormatSpec> {
+ public:
+  /** Constructs an argument formatter object. */
+  PrintfArgFormatter(BasicWriter<Char> &w, FormatSpec &s)
+  : BasicPrintfArgFormatter<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char, FormatSpec>(w, s) {}
+};
+
+/** This template formats data and writes the output to a writer. */
+template <typename Char, typename ArgFormatter = PrintfArgFormatter<Char> >
+class PrintfFormatter : private internal::FormatterBase {
+ private:
+  BasicWriter<Char> &writer_;
+
+  void parse_flags(FormatSpec &spec, const Char *&s);
+
+  // Returns the argument with specified index or, if arg_index is equal
+  // to the maximum unsigned value, the next argument.
+  internal::Arg get_arg(
+      const Char *s,
+      unsigned arg_index = (std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max)());
+
+  // Parses argument index, flags and width and returns the argument index.
+  unsigned parse_header(const Char *&s, FormatSpec &spec);
+
+ public:
+  /**
+   \rst
+   Constructs a ``PrintfFormatter`` object. References to the arguments and
+   the writer are stored in the formatter object so make sure they have
+   appropriate lifetimes.
+   \endrst
+   */
+  explicit PrintfFormatter(const ArgList &al, BasicWriter<Char> &w)
+    : FormatterBase(al), writer_(w) {}
+
+  /** Formats stored arguments and writes the output to the writer. */
+  void format(BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str);
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename AF>
+void PrintfFormatter<Char, AF>::parse_flags(FormatSpec &spec, const Char *&s) {
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (*s++) {
+      case '-':
+        spec.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
+        break;
+      case '+':
+        spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG | PLUS_FLAG;
+        break;
+      case '0':
+        spec.fill_ = '0';
+        break;
+      case ' ':
+        spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG;
+        break;
+      case '#':
+        spec.flags_ |= HASH_FLAG;
+        break;
+      default:
+        --s;
+        return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename AF>
+internal::Arg PrintfFormatter<Char, AF>::get_arg(const Char *s,
+                                                 unsigned arg_index) {
+  (void)s;
+  const char *error = FMT_NULL;
+  internal::Arg arg = arg_index == std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max() ?
+    next_arg(error) : FormatterBase::get_arg(arg_index - 1, error);
+  if (error)
+    FMT_THROW(FormatError(!*s ? "invalid format string" : error));
+  return arg;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename AF>
+unsigned PrintfFormatter<Char, AF>::parse_header(
+  const Char *&s, FormatSpec &spec) {
+  unsigned arg_index = std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max();
+  Char c = *s;
+  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+    // Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
+    // preceded with '0' flag(s).
+    unsigned value = internal::parse_nonnegative_int(s);
+    if (*s == '$') {  // value is an argument index
+      ++s;
+      arg_index = value;
+    } else {
+      if (c == '0')
+        spec.fill_ = '0';
+      if (value != 0) {
+        // Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
+        // parse it or flags again, so return now.
+        spec.width_ = value;
+        return arg_index;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  parse_flags(spec, s);
+  // Parse width.
+  if (*s >= '0' && *s <= '9') {
+    spec.width_ = internal::parse_nonnegative_int(s);
+  } else if (*s == '*') {
+    ++s;
+    spec.width_ = internal::WidthHandler(spec).visit(get_arg(s));
+  }
+  return arg_index;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename AF>
+void PrintfFormatter<Char, AF>::format(BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str) {
+  const Char *start = format_str.c_str();
+  const Char *s = start;
+  while (*s) {
+    Char c = *s++;
+    if (c != '%') continue;
+    if (*s == c) {
+      write(writer_, start, s);
+      start = ++s;
+      continue;
+    }
+    write(writer_, start, s - 1);
+
+    FormatSpec spec;
+    spec.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+
+    // Parse argument index, flags and width.
+    unsigned arg_index = parse_header(s, spec);
+
+    // Parse precision.
+    if (*s == '.') {
+      ++s;
+      if ('0' <= *s && *s <= '9') {
+        spec.precision_ = static_cast<int>(internal::parse_nonnegative_int(s));
+      } else if (*s == '*') {
+        ++s;
+        spec.precision_ = internal::PrecisionHandler().visit(get_arg(s));
+      } else {
+        spec.precision_ = 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    using internal::Arg;
+    Arg arg = get_arg(s, arg_index);
+    if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG) && internal::IsZeroInt().visit(arg))
+      spec.flags_ &= ~internal::to_unsigned<int>(HASH_FLAG);
+    if (spec.fill_ == '0') {
+      if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_NUMERIC_TYPE)
+        spec.align_ = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
+      else
+        spec.fill_ = ' ';  // Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types.
+    }
+
+    // Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
+    using internal::ArgConverter;
+    switch (*s++) {
+    case 'h':
+      if (*s == 'h')
+        ArgConverter<signed char>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
+      else
+        ArgConverter<short>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
+      break;
+    case 'l':
+      if (*s == 'l')
+        ArgConverter<fmt::LongLong>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
+      else
+        ArgConverter<long>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
+      break;
+    case 'j':
+      ArgConverter<intmax_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
+      break;
+    case 'z':
+      ArgConverter<std::size_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
+      break;
+    case 't':
+      ArgConverter<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
+      break;
+    case 'L':
+      // printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
+      // need to do the same.
+      break;
+    default:
+      --s;
+      ArgConverter<void>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
+    }
+
+    // Parse type.
+    if (!*s)
+      FMT_THROW(FormatError("invalid format string"));
+    spec.type_ = static_cast<char>(*s++);
+
+    if (spec.type_ == 's') {
+      // set the format type to the default if 's' is specified
+      spec.type_ = internal::DefaultType().visit(arg);
+    }
+
+    if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_INTEGER_TYPE) {
+      // Normalize type.
+      switch (spec.type_) {
+      case 'i': case 'u':
+        spec.type_ = 'd';
+        break;
+      case 'c':
+        // TODO: handle wchar_t
+        internal::CharConverter(arg).visit(arg);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    start = s;
+
+    // Format argument.
+    AF(writer_, spec).visit(arg);
+  }
+  write(writer_, start, s);
+}
+
+inline void printf(Writer &w, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+  PrintfFormatter<char>(args, w).format(format);
+}
+FMT_VARIADIC(void, printf, Writer &, CStringRef)
+
+inline void printf(WWriter &w, WCStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+  PrintfFormatter<wchar_t>(args, w).format(format);
+}
+FMT_VARIADIC(void, printf, WWriter &, WCStringRef)
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Formats arguments and returns the result as a string.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    std::string message = fmt::sprintf("The answer is %d", 42);
+  \endrst
+*/
+inline std::string sprintf(CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+  MemoryWriter w;
+  printf(w, format, args);
+  return w.str();
+}
+FMT_VARIADIC(std::string, sprintf, CStringRef)
+
+inline std::wstring sprintf(WCStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+  WMemoryWriter w;
+  printf(w, format, args);
+  return w.str();
+}
+FMT_VARIADIC_W(std::wstring, sprintf, WCStringRef)
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to the file *f*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::fprintf(stderr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
+  \endrst
+ */
+FMT_API int fprintf(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format, ArgList args);
+FMT_VARIADIC(int, fprintf, std::FILE *, CStringRef)
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to ``stdout``.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
+  \endrst
+ */
+inline int printf(CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
+  return fprintf(stdout, format, args);
+}
+FMT_VARIADIC(int, printf, CStringRef)
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to the stream *os*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fprintf(cerr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
+  \endrst
+ */
+inline int fprintf(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
+  MemoryWriter w;
+  printf(w, format_str, args);
+  internal::write(os, w);
+  return static_cast<int>(w.size());
+}
+FMT_VARIADIC(int, fprintf, std::ostream &, CStringRef)
+}  // namespace fmt
+
+#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+# include "printf.cc"
+#endif
+
+#endif  // FMT_PRINTF_H_
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/string.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/string.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..05996eb5878
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/string.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ Formatting library for C++ - string utilities
+
+ Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ For the license information refer to format.h.
+ */
+
+#ifdef FMT_INCLUDE
+# error "Add the fmt's parent directory and not fmt itself to includes."
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_STRING_H_
+#define FMT_STRING_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+namespace fmt {
+
+namespace internal {
+
+// A buffer that stores data in ``std::basic_string``.
+template <typename Char, typename Allocator = std::allocator<Char> >
+class StringBuffer : public Buffer<Char> {
+ public:
+  typedef std::basic_string<Char, std::char_traits<Char>, Allocator> StringType;
+
+ private:
+  StringType data_;
+
+ protected:
+  virtual void grow(std::size_t size) FMT_OVERRIDE {
+    data_.resize(size);
+    this->ptr_ = &data_[0];
+    this->capacity_ = size;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit StringBuffer(const Allocator &allocator = Allocator())
+  : data_(allocator) {}
+
+  // Moves the data to ``str`` clearing the buffer.
+  void move_to(StringType &str) {
+    data_.resize(this->size_);
+    str.swap(data_);
+    this->capacity_ = this->size_ = 0;
+    this->ptr_ = FMT_NULL;
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace internal
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  This class template provides operations for formatting and writing data
+  into a character stream. The output is stored in a ``std::basic_string``
+  that grows dynamically.
+
+  You can use one of the following typedefs for common character types
+  and the standard allocator:
+
+  +---------------+----------------------------+
+  | Type          | Definition                 |
+  +===============+============================+
+  | StringWriter  | BasicStringWriter<char>    |
+  +---------------+----------------------------+
+  | WStringWriter | BasicStringWriter<wchar_t> |
+  +---------------+----------------------------+
+
+  **Example**::
+
+     StringWriter out;
+     out << "The answer is " << 42 << "\n";
+
+  This will write the following output to the ``out`` object:
+
+  .. code-block:: none
+
+     The answer is 42
+
+  The output can be moved to a ``std::basic_string`` with ``out.move_to()``.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <typename Char, typename Allocator = std::allocator<Char> >
+class BasicStringWriter : public BasicWriter<Char> {
+ private:
+  internal::StringBuffer<Char, Allocator> buffer_;
+
+ public:
+  /**
+    \rst
+    Constructs a :class:`fmt::BasicStringWriter` object.
+    \endrst
+   */
+  explicit BasicStringWriter(const Allocator &allocator = Allocator())
+  : BasicWriter<Char>(buffer_), buffer_(allocator) {}
+
+  /**
+    \rst
+    Moves the buffer content to *str* clearing the buffer.
+    \endrst
+   */
+  void move_to(std::basic_string<Char, std::char_traits<Char>, Allocator> &str) {
+    buffer_.move_to(str);
+  }
+};
+
+typedef BasicStringWriter<char> StringWriter;
+typedef BasicStringWriter<wchar_t> WStringWriter;
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Converts *value* to ``std::string`` using the default format for type *T*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    #include "fmt/string.h"
+
+    std::string answer = fmt::to_string(42);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <typename T>
+std::string to_string(const T &value) {
+  fmt::MemoryWriter w;
+  w << value;
+  return w.str();
+}
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Converts *value* to ``std::wstring`` using the default format for type *T*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    #include "fmt/string.h"
+
+    std::wstring answer = fmt::to_wstring(42);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <typename T>
+std::wstring to_wstring(const T &value) {
+  fmt::WMemoryWriter w;
+  w << value;
+  return w.str();
+}
+}
+
+#endif  // FMT_STRING_H_
diff --git a/dep/fmt/fmt/time.h b/dep/fmt/fmt/time.h
index 10225c03ef8..c98b0e0116f 100644
--- a/dep/fmt/fmt/time.h
+++ b/dep/fmt/fmt/time.h
@@ -13,10 +13,16 @@
 #include "format.h"
 #include <ctime>
 
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+# pragma warning(push)
+# pragma warning(disable: 4702)  // unreachable code
+# pragma warning(disable: 4996)  // "deprecated" functions
+#endif
+
 namespace fmt {
 template <typename ArgFormatter>
-void format(BasicFormatter<char, ArgFormatter> &f,
-            const char *&format_str, const std::tm &tm) {
+void format_arg(BasicFormatter<char, ArgFormatter> &f,
+                const char *&format_str, const std::tm &tm) {
   if (*format_str == ':')
     ++format_str;
   const char *end = format_str;
@@ -48,6 +54,90 @@ void format(BasicFormatter<char, ArgFormatter> &f,
   }
   format_str = end + 1;
 }
+
+namespace internal{
+inline Null<> localtime_r(...) { return Null<>(); }
+inline Null<> localtime_s(...) { return Null<>(); }
+inline Null<> gmtime_r(...) { return Null<>(); }
+inline Null<> gmtime_s(...) { return Null<>(); }
+}
+
+// Thread-safe replacement for std::localtime
+inline std::tm localtime(std::time_t time) {
+  struct LocalTime {
+    std::time_t time_;
+    std::tm tm_;
+
+    LocalTime(std::time_t t): time_(t) {}
+
+    bool run() {
+      using namespace fmt::internal;
+      return handle(localtime_r(&time_, &tm_));
+    }
+
+    bool handle(std::tm *tm) { return tm != FMT_NULL; }
+
+    bool handle(internal::Null<>) {
+      using namespace fmt::internal;
+      return fallback(localtime_s(&tm_, &time_));
+    }
+
+    bool fallback(int res) { return res == 0; }
+
+    bool fallback(internal::Null<>) {
+      using namespace fmt::internal;
+      std::tm *tm = std::localtime(&time_);
+      if (tm) tm_ = *tm;
+      return tm != FMT_NULL;
+    }
+  };
+  LocalTime lt(time);
+  if (lt.run())
+    return lt.tm_;
+  // Too big time values may be unsupported.
+  FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("time_t value out of range"));
+  return std::tm();
 }
 
+// Thread-safe replacement for std::gmtime
+inline std::tm gmtime(std::time_t time) {
+  struct GMTime {
+    std::time_t time_;
+    std::tm tm_;
+
+    GMTime(std::time_t t): time_(t) {}
+
+    bool run() {
+      using namespace fmt::internal;
+      return handle(gmtime_r(&time_, &tm_));
+    }
+
+    bool handle(std::tm *tm) { return tm != FMT_NULL; }
+
+    bool handle(internal::Null<>) {
+      using namespace fmt::internal;
+      return fallback(gmtime_s(&tm_, &time_));
+    }
+
+    bool fallback(int res) { return res == 0; }
+
+    bool fallback(internal::Null<>) {
+      std::tm *tm = std::gmtime(&time_);
+      if (tm != FMT_NULL) tm_ = *tm;
+      return tm != FMT_NULL;
+    }
+  };
+  GMTime gt(time);
+  if (gt.run())
+    return gt.tm_;
+  // Too big time values may be unsupported.
+  FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("time_t value out of range"));
+  return std::tm();
+}
+} //namespace fmt
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+# pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
 #endif  // FMT_TIME_H_
diff --git a/src/common/Utilities/StringFormat.h b/src/common/Utilities/StringFormat.h
index acda4b41c9f..7f41b501323 100644
--- a/src/common/Utilities/StringFormat.h
+++ b/src/common/Utilities/StringFormat.h
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #ifndef TRINITYCORE_STRING_FORMAT_H
 #define TRINITYCORE_STRING_FORMAT_H
 
-#include "fmt/format.h"
+#include "fmt/printf.h"
 
 namespace Trinity
 {