Core/Log: Add type safe formatting

* improves safety and log speed through:
  - variadic templates
  - perfect forwarding
* fixes a newline in db logs
* improve performance of Appender::write by using std::ostringstream && std::move

1 files changed, 335 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/dep/cppformat/ChangeLog.rst b/dep/cppformat/ChangeLog.rst
new file mode 100644
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+1.1.0 - 2015-03-06
+------------------
+
+* Added ``BasicArrayWriter``, a class template that provides operations for
+  formatting and writing data into a fixed-size array
+  (`#105 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/105>`_ and
+  `#122 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/122>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+  
+    char buffer[100];
+    fmt::ArrayWriter w(buffer);
+    w.write("The answer is {}", 42);
+
+* Added `0 A.D. <http://play0ad.com/>`_ and `PenUltima Online (POL)
+  <http://www.polserver.com/>`_ to the list of notable projects using C++ Format.
+
+* C++ Format now uses MSVC intrinsics for better formatting performance
+  (`#115 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/115>`_,
+  `#116 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/116>`_,
+  `#118 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/118>`_ and
+  `#121 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/121>`_).
+  Previously these optimizations where only used on GCC and Clang.
+  Thanks to `@CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_ and
+  `@objectx <https://github.com/objectx>`_.
+
+* CMake install target (`#119 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/119>`_).
+  Thanks to `@TrentHouliston <https://github.com/TrentHouliston>`_.
+
+  You can now install C++ Format with ``make install`` command.
+
+* Improved `Biicode <http://www.biicode.com/>`_ support
+  (`#98 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/98>`_ and
+  `#104 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/104>`_). Thanks to
+  `@MariadeAnton <https://github.com/MariadeAnton>`_ and
+  `@franramirez688 <https://github.com/franramirez688>`_.
+
+* Improved support for bulding with `Android NDK
+  <https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html>`_
+  (`#107 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/107>`_).
+  Thanks to `@newnon <https://github.com/newnon>`_.
+  
+  The `android-ndk-example <https://github.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example>`_
+  repository provides and example of using C++ Format with Android NDK:
+
+  .. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example/
+            master/screenshot.png
+
+* Improved documentation of ``SystemError`` and ``WindowsError``
+  (`#54 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/54>`_).
+
+* Various code improvements
+  (`#110 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/110>`_,
+  `#111 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/111>`_
+  `#112 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/112>`_).
+  Thanks to `@CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_.
+
+* Improved compile-time errors when formatting wide into narrow strings
+  (`#117 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/117>`_).
+
+* Fixed ``BasicWriter::write`` without formatting arguments when C++11 support
+  is disabled (`#109 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/109>`_).
+
+* Fixed header-only build on OS X with GCC 4.9
+  (`#124 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/124>`_).
+
+* Fixed packaging issues (`#94 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/94>`_).
+
+* Fixed warnings in GCC, MSVC and Xcode/Clang
+  (`#95 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/95>`_,
+  `#96 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/96>`_ and
+  `#114 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/114>`_).
+
+* Added `changelog <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/edit/master/ChangeLog.rst>`_
+  (`#103 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/103>`_).
+
+1.0.0 - 2015-02-05
+------------------
+
+* Add support for a header-only configuration when ``FMT_HEADER_ONLY`` is
+  defined before including ``format.h``:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    #define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+    #include "format.h"
+
+* Compute string length in the constructor of ``BasicStringRef``
+  instead of the ``size`` method
+  (`#79 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/79>`_).
+  This eliminates size computation for string literals on reasonable optimizing
+  compilers.
+
+* Fix formatting of types with overloaded ``operator <<`` for ``std::wostream``
+  (`#86 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/86>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::format(L"The date is {0}", Date(2012, 12, 9));
+
+* Fix linkage of tests on Arch Linux
+  (`#89 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/89>`_).
+
+* Allow precision specifier for non-float arguments
+  (`#90 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/90>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::print("{:.3}\n", "Carpet"); // prints "Car"
+
+* Fix build on Android NDK
+  (`#93 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/93>`_)
+
+* Improvements to documentation build procedure.
+
+* Remove ``FMT_SHARED`` CMake variable in favor of standard `BUILD_SHARED_LIBS
+  <http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/variable/BUILD_SHARED_LIBS.html>`_.
+
+* Fix error handling in ``fmt::fprintf``.
+
+* Fix a number of warnings.
+
+0.12.0 - 2014-10-25
+-------------------
+
+* [Breaking] Improved separation between formatting and buffer management.
+  ``Writer`` is now a base class that cannot be instantiated directly.
+  The new ``MemoryWriter`` class implements the default buffer management
+  with small allocations done on stack. So ``fmt::Writer`` should be replaced
+  with ``fmt::MemoryWriter`` in variable declarations.
+
+  Old code:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::Writer w;
+
+  New code: 
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::MemoryWriter w;
+
+  If you pass ``fmt::Writer`` by reference, you can continue to do so:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+      void f(fmt::Writer &w);
+
+  This doesn't affect the formatting API.
+
+* Support for custom memory allocators
+  (`#69 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/69>`_)
+
+* Formatting functions now accept `signed char` and `unsigned char` strings as
+  arguments (`#73 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/73>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    auto s = format("GLSL version: {}", glGetString(GL_VERSION));
+
+* Reduced code bloat. According to the new `benchmark results
+  <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat#compile-time-and-code-bloat>`_,
+  cppformat is close to ``printf`` and by the order of magnitude better than
+  Boost Format in terms of compiled code size.
+
+* Improved appearance of the documentation on mobile by using the `Sphinx
+  Bootstrap theme <http://ryan-roemer.github.io/sphinx-bootstrap-theme/>`_:
+
+  .. |old| image:: https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/576385/4792130/
+                   cd256436-5de3-11e4-9a62-c077d0c2b003.png
+
+  .. |new| image:: https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/576385/4792131/
+                   cd29896c-5de3-11e4-8f59-cac952942bf0.png
+  
+  +-------+-------+
+  |  Old  |  New  |
+  +-------+-------+
+  | |old| | |new| |
+  +-------+-------+
+
+0.11.0 - 2014-08-21
+-------------------
+
+* Safe printf implementation with a POSIX extension for positional arguments:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
+    fmt::printf("%1$s, %3$d %2$s", weekday, month, day);
+
+* Arguments of ``char`` type can now be formatted as integers
+  (Issue `#55 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/55>`_):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::format("0x{0:02X}", 'a');
+
+* Deprecated parts of the API removed.
+
+* The library is now built and tested on MinGW with Appveyor in addition to
+  existing test platforms Linux/GCC, OS X/Clang, Windows/MSVC.
+
+0.10.0 - 2014-07-01
+-------------------
+
+**Improved API**
+
+* All formatting methods are now implemented as variadic functions instead
+  of using ``operator<<`` for feeding arbitrary arguments into a temporary
+  formatter object. This works both with C++11 where variadic templates are
+  used and with older standards where variadic functions are emulated by
+  providing lightweight wrapper functions defined with the ``FMT_VARIADIC``
+  macro. You can use this macro for defining your own portable variadic
+  functions:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    void report_error(const char *format, const fmt::ArgList &args) {
+      fmt::print("Error: {}");
+      fmt::print(format, args);
+    }
+    FMT_VARIADIC(void, report_error, const char *)
+
+    report_error("file not found: {}", path);
+
+  Apart from a more natural syntax, this also improves performance as there
+  is no need to construct temporary formatter objects and control arguments'
+  lifetimes. Because the wrapper functions are very ligthweight, this doesn't
+  cause code bloat even in pre-C++11 mode.
+
+* Simplified common case of formatting an ``std::string``. Now it requires a
+  single function call:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    std::string s = format("The answer is {}.", 42);
+
+  Previously it required 2 function calls:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    std::string s = str(Format("The answer is {}.") << 42);
+
+  Instead of unsafe ``c_str`` function, ``fmt::Writer`` should be used directly
+  to bypass creation of ``std::string``:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::Writer w;
+    w.write("The answer is {}.", 42);
+    w.c_str();  // returns a C string
+
+  This doesn't do dynamic memory allocation for small strings and is less error
+  prone as the lifetime of the string is the same as for ``std::string::c_str``
+  which is well understood (hopefully).
+
+* Improved consistency in naming functions that are a part of the public API.
+  Now all public functions are lowercase following the standard library
+  conventions. Previously it was a combination of lowercase and
+  CapitalizedWords.
+  Issue `#50 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/50>`_.
+
+* Old functions are marked as deprecated and will be removed in the next
+  release.
+
+**Other Changes**
+
+* Experimental support for printf format specifications (work in progress):
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    fmt::printf("The answer is %d.", 42);
+    std::string s = fmt::sprintf("Look, a %s!", "string");
+
+* Support for hexadecimal floating point format specifiers ``a`` and ``A``:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    print("{:a}", -42.0); // Prints -0x1.5p+5
+    print("{:A}", -42.0); // Prints -0X1.5P+5
+
+* CMake option ``FMT_SHARED`` that specifies whether to build format as a
+  shared library (off by default).
+
+0.9.0 - 2014-05-13
+------------------
+
+* More efficient implementation of variadic formatting functions.
+
+* ``Writer::Format`` now has a variadic overload:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    Writer out;
+    out.Format("Look, I'm {}!", "variadic");
+
+* For efficiency and consistency with other overloads, variadic overload of
+  the ``Format`` function now returns ``Writer`` instead of ``std::string``.
+  Use the ``str`` function to convert it to ``std::string``:
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    std::string s = str(Format("Look, I'm {}!", "variadic"));
+
+* Replaced formatter actions with output sinks: ``NoAction`` -> ``NullSink``,
+  ``Write`` -> ``FileSink``, ``ColorWriter`` -> ``ANSITerminalSink``.
+  This improves naming consistency and shouldn't affect client code unless
+  these classes are used directly which should be rarely needed.
+
+* Added ``ThrowSystemError`` function that formats a message and throws
+  ``SystemError`` containing the formatted message and system-specific error
+  description. For example, the following code
+
+  .. code:: c++
+
+    FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
+    if (!f)
+      ThrowSystemError(errno, "Failed to open file '{}'") << filename;
+
+  will throw ``SystemError`` exception with description
+  "Failed to open file '<filename>': No such file or directory" if file
+  doesn't exist.
+
+* Support for AppVeyor continuous integration platform.
+
+* ``Format`` now throws ``SystemError`` in case of I/O errors.
+
+* Improve test infrastructure. Print functions are now tested by redirecting
+  the output to a pipe.
+
+0.8.0 - 2014-04-14
+------------------
+
+* Initial release